Nuclear Age Peace Foundation

Category: Nuclear Threat

Speaking Out on the Insanity of Nuclear Weapons

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The following article was originally published in The Nation on January 28, 2026.

Speaking Out on the Insanity of Nuclear Weapons

At a time when nuclear dangers are not just rising, but multiplying, we need all hands on deck in sounding the alarm and advocating for abolition of nuclear weapons.

February 6, 2026 | Ivana Nikolić Hughes and Peter Kuznick

Near the end of his life, Robert McNamara wrote an essay for Foreign Policy, titled “Apocalypse Soon.” In it, the controversial former US Secretary of Defense and president of the World Bank argued that we “must move promptly toward elimination—or near elimination—of nuclear weapons.”

McNamara is known for his moderating role during the Cuban missile crisis, which might have saved us from the end of the world. In “Apocalypse Soon,” he writes about this experience and how it shaped his own views on nuclear weapons. But hardly is McNamara alone in examining his role in national security in his final years and concluding that he needed to speak out about nuclear weapons.

Others with long-time service at the highest levels of government have sounded the alarm. In 2007, former Republican secretaries of state Henry Kissinger and George Schultz, former Democratic secretary of defense William Perry, and former Democratic senator from Georgia Sam Nunn wrote an op-ed in The Wall Street Journal, titled “A World Free of Nuclear Weapons.”

Today, of the “four horsemen of the apocalypse,” Bill Perry and Sam Nunn are still alive. Nunn was involved in cofounding and leading the Nuclear Threat Initiative, while Perry, at nearly 100 years old, has his own William J. Perry Project, dedicated to “working to end the nuclear threat.” In 2014, in an interview with three Columbia University students, Perry shared that he was afraid we were already in a new nuclear arms race. More than 10 years later and with the seeming expiration of New START, the last remaining arms control treaty between the United States and Russia, we may be in an entirely new phase of this new race.

What is desperately needed is people currently in office coming to the same inescapable conclusion that these statemen had reached, while they can do something about it. It is quite shocking that of 100 senators, only Ed Markey has publicly urged the Trump administration to accept the offer of the Russian President Vladimir Putin to extend New START for another year. Markey, a veteran of nuclear policy, has championed many arms control causes during his time in Congress. But even Markey has yet to firmly stand behind nuclear abolition, by, for instance, endorsing the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons. He shouldn’t wait until he too is out of office and nearing the end of his life. Many in Congress look up to him when it comes to nuclear issues, and his actions have the potential to be transformative.

The last three presidents have spoken about nuclear weapons in sobering terms. President Obama gave a speech in Prague, in which he stated, “So today, I state clearly and with conviction America’s commitment to seek the peace and security of a world without nuclear weapons.” That declaration helped him win the Nobel Peace Prize.

Although Obama wisely negotiated New START, he also went along with the plans to modernize the US nuclear arsenal at the unimaginable price tag now approaching $2 trillion. President Trump has spoken about the need to “denuclearize,” making the argument that nuclear weapons cost too much and that they could destroy the world over and over again. And yet he has gone on to violate international law on repeated occasions and has so far refused to extend New START, potentially setting the arms race ablaze. In 2021, we had otherwise hawkish Joe Biden to rescue us from the Treaty’s expiration, but it remains unclear whether we can be saved this time. Without an extension of New START or a replacement agreement, we would likely witness a dramatic and terrifyingly dangerous growth in the nuclear arsenals of Russia and the US, the two nuclear superpowers that possess some 87 percent of the world’s approximately 12,500 nuclear warheads.

And it’s not just former or current officials who need to talk about this problem. Those with large platforms could play a huge role. Imagine if Michele Obama talked less about fashion and more about peace, if Taylor Swift devoted a tiny fraction of her time to ensuring that her millions of fans won’t all die in a nuclear war, and if professional athletes embraced this as a political cause, the way they had embraced political causes in decades past. In 1982, celebrities were right there with a million ordinary Americans gathering in Central Park, calling out the insanity of nuclear weapons. Senator Ed Markey was there, too. And young Mikhail Gorbachev watched from a distance. The US public opinion had a profound impact on the late Soviet leader.

One group bears a special responsibility in sounding the nuclear alarm, and that is the scientists themselves. Although the scientists who originally brought nuclear weapons into the world are long gone, many of them did their share of trying to eliminate their own creation, including Joseph Rotblatt, who was the architect of the Russell-Einstein Manifesto and a winner of the Nobel Peace Prize, alongside the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs, an organization he founded. Carl Sagan devoted a good part of his last two decades speaking for peace and disarmament, and explaining the impact that nuclear war would have on the entire planet through nuclear winter. We still have some celebrity scientists, like Neil de Grasse Tyson. They need to get involved, too!

A week ago, the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, an organization started by the likes of Einstein and Oppenheimer, unveiled its Doomsday Clock, according to which, it is 85 seconds to midnight, the closest we have ever been to human destruction of the planet. We need all hands on deck. Let’s not leave this task only to those thinking about the world as they prepare to make their exit.

Ivana Nikolić Hughes is President of the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation and a senior lecturer in Chemistry at Columbia University. Her research on ascertaining the radiological conditions in the Marshall Islands has been covered widely, including by the Los Angeles Times. She is a member of the Scientific Advisory Group to the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons.

Peter Kuznick is a Professor of History and the Director of the Nuclear Studies Institute at American University.

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February 6, 2026
The Nuclear Abyss: The Last Mistake of Homo Sapiens?

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By Rubén D. Arvizu* – October 30, 2025*

On a Pale Blue Dot —as Carl Sagan called it—, a leader orders the resumption of nuclear tests. Donald Trump, on October 30, 2025, demanded the Pentagon detonate atomic bombs for the first time since 1992. “To match Russia and China,” he claimed.

But there is no equality in nuclear fire. Only abyss.

Carl Sagan warned us: “Nuclear civilization is a one-time experiment.” We have failed 2,056 times with past tests. We contaminated oceans, the atmosphere, DNA. Still today, children in the Marshall Islands are born with defects from the 1954 tests.

Jacques Cousteau saw it in the sea: “The ocean does not forgive.” Mercury, lead, radiation —the dolphins with Alzheimer’s we recently discovered in Scotland are no coincidence. They are our mirror. If we poison the water, what do we expect from the air we breathe?

Stephen Hawking, from the chair that sustained him, gave us the ultimatum: “We have 100 years to leave Earth… or go extinct.” Not from asteroids. From ourselves. From bombs that can kill 100 million in minutes.

Trump says “modernize.” It’s a lie. Russia already tested its Poseidon torpedo this week. China has 600 warheads. Resuming tests doesn’t stop the race: it accelerates it. It breaks the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty of 1996. It invites India, Pakistan, North Korea to join the game.

And the children?

In Gaza, 16,000 have already died.

In Ukraine, thousands more.

With one nuclear bomb, millions.

There are no shelters.

There are no winners.

Only ash.

Hawking told us: “Artificial intelligence could be the end… or the beginning of something better.” But today, human stupidity is the real danger.

Sagan: “We are star stuff… with the power to destroy ourselves.”

Cousteau: “We only protect what we love.”

Do we love this Pale Blue Dot?

Or do we prefer to burn it?

The test is not nuclear. It is human.

Stop the experiment.

Before the cosmos forgets us.

Rubén D. Arvizu is a writer and environmentalist, General Director for Latin America of Jean-Michel Cousteau’s Ocean Futures Society, and Associate of the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation.

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October 30, 2025
El Abismo Nuclear: ¿El Último Error del Homo Sapiens?

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Por Rubén D. Arvizu* – 30 de octubre de 2025

En un Punto Azul Pálido —como lo llamó Carl Sagan—, un líder ordena

reanudar pruebas nucleares. Donald Trump, el 30 de octubre de 2025, exigió al Pentágono detonar bombas atómicas por primera vez desde 1992. “Para igualar a Rusia y China”, aseguró.

Pero no hay igualdad en el fuego nuclear. Solo hay abismo.

Carl Sagan nos advirtió: “La civilización nuclear es un experimento de una sola vez”. Hemos fallado 2.056 veces con pruebas pasadas. Contaminamos océanos, la atmósfera, el ADN. Aún hoy, niños en las Islas Marshall nacen con defectos por las pruebas de 1954.

Jacques Cousteau lo vio en el mar: “El océano no perdona”. Mercurio, plomo, radiación —los delfines con Alzheimer que descubrimos recientemente en Escocia no son casualidad. Son nuestro espejo. Si envenenamos el agua, ¿qué esperamos del aire que respiramos?

Stephen Hawking, desde su silla que lo sostenía, nos dejó el ultimátum: “Tenemos 100 años para abandonar la Tierra… o extinguirnos”. No por asteroides. Por nosotros. Por bombas que pueden matar a 100 millones en minutos.

Trump dice “modernizar”. Es mentira. Rusia ya probó su torpedo Poseidón esta semana. China tiene 600 ojivas. Reanudar pruebas no detiene la carrera: la acelera. Rompe el Tratado de Prohibición Completa de Pruebas Nucleares de 1996. Invita a India, Pakistán, Corea del Norte a unirse al juego.

¿Y los niños?

En Gaza, 16.000 ya murieron.

En Ucrania, miles más.

Con una sola bomba nuclear, millones.

No hay refugios.

No hay ganadores.

Solo ceniza.

Hawking nos dijo: “La inteligencia artificial podría ser el fin… o el comienzo de algo mejor”. Pero hoy, la estupidez humana es el verdadero peligro.

Sagan: “Somos polvo de estrellas… con la capacidad de destruirnos”.

Cousteau: “Solo protegemos lo que amamos”.

¿Amamos este Punto Azul?

¿O preferimos quemarlo?

La prueba no es nuclear. Es humana.

Detengamos el experimento.

Antes de que el cosmos nos olvide.

*Rubén D. Arvizu es escritor y ambientalista, director general para América Latina de Ocean Futures Society de Jean-Michel Cousteau, Asociado de la Nuclear Age Peace Foundation.

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October 30, 2025
UN ICT Side Event: Cybersecurity and Nuclear Risk

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On July 11, 2025, the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation and its youth initiative, Reverse the Trend—in collaboration with the Permanent Mission of Kiribati to the United Nations and Youth for Privacy—convened a side event at the eleventh and final substantive session of the Open-Ended Working Group on Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). The event focused on the intersection of nuclear weapons and cybersecurity, exploring emerging threats as ICTs and artificial intelligence continue to evolve.

On behalf of the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation and the Permanent Mission of Kiribati, Christian Ciobanu shared Kiribati’s perspectives on nuclear weapons and ICTs. He underscored Kiribati’s concerns about the potential malicious use of ICTs on command-and-control systems.

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The Humanitаrian Imperative: Nuclear Weapons and Internatіonal Law

Noa Scheuer of‍ the International Commіttee of the Red Cross (ICRC) began by emphasizіng the catastrophic humanitar‍ian consequences оf nuclear weapon use. The ICRC, guided by intеrnational humanitarian law (IHL), de‍ems the usе of these weapons fundamentally incompatible wіth legal obligations during armed conflict‍. “It is extremely doubtful,” Scheuer stated, “that any use of nuclear weapons could comply with international humanitarian law”.

Schеuer stressed that legal constraints extend to thrеats and deployment. The ICRC’s stance highlights а growing humanitarian need, that states must ensurе these weapons are never used again, whether іn rhetoric, doctrine, or conflict.

Cyber Vulnеrabilities and Civilian Inf‍rastructure

Scheuer аlso addressed the often-overlooked cyber threаts to civilian nuclear infrastructure, referenсing cyberattacks on nuclear facilities, includіng the Stuxnet virus, which significantly damаged Iran’s nuclear facilities, and a 2017 ransоmware attack affecting systems at the Chernobу‍l nuclear plant.

While international law does not оutright prohibit attacks on nuclear power plants,‍ Sсheuer noted stricter protections, similar to thоse for hospitals and medical facilities. In tоday‍’s interconnected digital world, managing thіs risk means prioritizing cybersecurity in nuсlear nonp‍roliferation efforts.

From Hell, Not Ηeaven: The Moral and Scientific Case

Dr. Ivanа Nikolic Hughes‍, President of NAPF and a Columbia University professor, examined the intersection of nuclear weapons and ICTs from mоral and scientific perspectives. Quoting former UN Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjöld, Hughes provided a stark reminder to the room: “The United Nations was not made to bring us to heaven, but to save us from hell.”

Unlike ICTs, whіch offer be‍nefits like information access and rаpid communication, Hughes argued that nuclear wеapons provide o‍nly risk. She detailed the potеntial for nuclear detonations to destroy citiеs, contaminate environm‍ents for centuries, and greatly аlter the global climate, leading to nuclear wіnter, famine, and the destruction of the ozone layer.

Hughеs urged a sense of scale in nuclear ‍discussions, еmphasizing that these are instruments of mass suffеring, not tactical war tools, and h‍ave no plaсe in legitimate security frameworks.

The Digіtal Intersection: AI, Cyberwarfare, and Nuc‍leаr Risk

Hughes and Scheuer both expressed concеrn about the increasing integration of nuclear сomm‍and-and-control systems with technologies such as artificial intelligence, autonomous systems, аnd pred‍ictive algorithms. As decision-making аccelerates and becomes more automated, the potеntial for erro‍r increases, where a misinterprеted signal, faulty algorithm, or cyberattack сould trigger irreversi‍ble escalation.

As nuclear weapons pose such catastrophic risk, Hughes urged for human safeguards in nuclear facilities. Hughes highlighted a case during the Cold War where a faulty early warning system nearly caused the Soviet Union to fire a retaliatory nuclear strike—an action prevented by a Soviet officer who correctly identified the alert as a false alarm.

The conсept of technology amplifying nuclear risk is nоt new, but its urgency is un‍precedented. The sрread of digital vulnerabilities, combined with thе high stakes of nuclear warfare‍, creates a situаtion where human institutions might struggle tо manage the systems they have create‍d.

Youth аt the Crossroads of Cyber and Security

Youth for Privacy co-founder Joon Baek offered a personal perspective, shaped b‍y grоwing up in South Korea and military service, where he witnessed regional tensions. Baek now focuses on th‍е digital realm, where the next generation’s chоices will shape our future.

Baek cautioned agаinst ‍the dangers of unregulated ICTs, noting thе opacity of algorithms, the “black box” naturе of AI syst‍ems, and the tendency to outsource humаn judgment to machines. He highlighted that yоung people, dig‍itally fluent but socially vulnеrable, are both perpetrators and victims of cуbercrime.

Baek noted a ‍rise in youth involvement іn cyberattacks, driven by political motives. He asserted ‍that meaningful dialoguе on cybersecurity and nuclear risks requires not just observation, but youth participation as well. Baek advocated for proactive outreach to young pеople at risk of cybercrime recruitment‍ and grеater investment in youth-centered prevention.

Call to Action

The panel concludеd with‍ a shared warning: nuclear weapons and еmerging technologies are converging dangerouslу. States must‍ act now to reduce risks by elimіnating nuclear arsenals and integrating disarmаment into digital governance and cybersecuritу frameworks. From legal norms to youth inclusion, the message was clear: decisive action is needed now because of real and irreversible risks.

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July 16, 2025
Youth Statement at the 2025 NPT Preparatory Committee
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On April 30, 2025, Douaa Ahmed and Mohammed Alkurashi delivered a statement on behalf of the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation and its youth initiative, Reverse the Trend, during the NGO session of the Non-Proliferation Treaty Preparatory Committee (NPT PrepCom) at the United Nations Headquarters in New York.

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Statement to the 11^th Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) Review Conference

Preparatory Committee

[/fusion_text][fusion_youtube id=”https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZzoPDjCu0no” alignment=”center” width=”1920″ height=”1080″ start_time=”” end_time=”” autoplay=”false” mute=”false” loop=”false” controls=”true” api_params=”” title_attribute=”” video_facade=”” thumbnail_size=”auto” margin_top=”” margin_bottom=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” css_id=”” structured_data=”off” video_upload_date=”” video_duration=”” video_title=”” video_desc=”” /][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” user_select=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”left” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”20″ margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]Chair and Distinguished Excellencies,

As we approach the 80th anniversary of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, we recall the testimonies of the Hibakusha. They witnessed the hellish reality of massive firestorms and lethal radiation that instantly killed tens of thousands of innocent civilians in each of the two cities. The destruction overwhelmed doctors and nurses who tried to treat the survivors, revealing that there can be no adequate response to a nuclear attack. As a result of the unfathomable harm and destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, many survivors vowed to share their testimonies to ensure that humanity would never again use these weapons.

Through their testimonies, the survivors have demonstrated that nuclear weapons use violates international humanitarian law. We applaud the Norwegian Nobel Committee for awarding Nihon Hidankyo – the Japan Confederation of A- and H-Bomb Sufferers Organizations – the Nobel Peace Prize for 2024, in recognition of their decades-long advocacy.

Chair and Distinguished Excellencies,

Despite the decision to award the Nobel Peace Prize to Nihon Hidankyo, thus elevating the voices of survivors and reminding the world of the horror of nuclear weapons, we are teetering on the edge of nuclear annihilation. On January 25, the Bulletin of Atomic Scientists moved forward the Doomsday Clock by one second to 89 seconds to midnight – the closest it has ever been to a hypothesized global nuclear catastrophe. Leaders who once pledged “never again” now stand by as nuclear threats re-emerge. These threats raise the possibility of a limited nuclear exchange that could trigger a global famine and the complete collapse of human civilization. Thus, in the words of Annie Jacobsen, “A nuclear crisis is not a worst-case scenario, it is the worst-case scenario.”

Chair and Distinguished Excellencies,

The Nuclear-Weapon States have consistently failed to fulfill their legally binding commitment under Article VI. More than five decades after the Treaty entered into force, these States continue to spend billions on maintaining their weapons and even plan to spend trillion on modernizing their arsenals. They are also expanding their deterrence doctrines while simultaneously pointing to arms control agreements as means of complying with Article VI. Their relentless pursuit of nuclear capabilities undermines our collective right to a secure future as they misallocate funds that could be spent on combating poverty, addressing climate change, and building a more equitable world.

We, the youth, remind all States Parties that Article VI represents not an aspirational goal but a binding legal obligation that some States Parties have deliberately sidelined. We demand immediate and concrete steps toward fulfilling these long-delayed treaty obligations before the living memory of nuclear devastation is lost entirely. True security must rest on dialogue, equality, and interdependence—not the specter of destruction.

Chair and Distinguished Excellencies,

We remain deeply troubled by gaps in the IAEA’s international framework for verification and compliance. Weak enforcement mechanisms and restricted access to facilities in certain countries undermine the system’s credibility. We urgently need a more robust, cooperative framework to ensure compliance based on transparency and accountability, especially in States where the IAEA has limited oversight.

In addition, the lack of effective regulation regarding dual-use technologies poses significant risks. These shortcomings are further exacerbated by weak enforcement mechanisms, especially at maritime ports, air freight corridors, and remote land border crossings. These gaps are not just technical, as the consequences of illicit procurement and proliferation impact humanity.

Chair and Distinguished Excellencies,

This year marks thirty years since the adoption of the 1995 Resolution on the Middle East – a cornerstone of the agreement that made the indefinite extension of the NPT possible. Yet three decades later, the vision of a NWFZ in the ME remains unfulfilled. Failure to implement this resolution has led to threats of nuclear weapons use in the ME, as a certain State in the Middle East on 5 November 2023 made threats to use nuclear weapons on Gaza, in addition to that same State also making another nuclear threat against Iran in September 2023.

Chair and Distinguished Excellencies,

As young leaders, we refuse to relinquish hope. We firmly believe that the TPNW closes the missing legal gap on Article VI by clearly and unequivocally prohibiting nuclear weapons. The TPNW emerged from research and recognition of the humanitarian impact of these weapons, including testimonies of survivors of nuclear weapons testing and use.

We warmly congratulate the States Parties of the TPNW for convening the 3rd Meeting of States Parties last March. In that space, youth voices were not only welcomed – they were heard. This is the kind of leadership we need in the nonproliferation regime.

Chair and Distinguished Excellencies,

As youth committed to disarmament, peace, justice, and human rights, we recognize that nuclear justice is inextricably linked to fulfilling Article VI commitments by the Nuclear Weapon States. Across Qazaqstan / Kazakhstan, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Mā’ohi Nui / French-occupied Polynesia, Fiji, the Solomon Islands, and beyond, the legacy of nuclear testing is not theoretical—it is a living reality. In this regard, we are alarmed that the global taboo against nuclear weapons use and testing continues to erode, which jeopardizes all of humanity and undermines the CTBT.

In Kazakhstan, over 450 nuclear tests at the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site exposed more than 1.5 million people to radiation, with health crises that persist generations later. In Kiribati and the surrounding Pacific, the UK and U.S. conducted dozens of atmospheric tests, contaminating entire atolls and displacing communities. Many of whom remain without recognition or reparations. The Solomon Islands, located near U.S. testing grounds, also suffered radiological exposure and ecological damage, yet still await meaningful justice. These are not distant memories; they are ongoing injustices. We ask you directly: Have these stories not been enough to remind us of what is at stake?

As youth, we demand a recommitment to truth, to accountability, and to ensuring that the mistakes of the past are not repeated.

Chair and Distinguished Excellencies,

A promising step forward is Kazakhstan and Kiribati’s UNGA Nuclear Justice Resolution (UNGA C1 Resolution L74, 2024). This updated resolution calls for the Secretary-General to convene an international meeting dedicated to victim assistance and environmental remediation

We see this resolution as a critical opportunity to revitalize long-overdue conversations on nuclear justice, reclaim political will, and re-centre the lived realities of affected communities. Kiribati and Kazakhstan’s leadership offer a vital platform to push nuclear justice to the forefront of disarmament dialogue, where it rightfully belongs.

We further applaud the Marshall Islands for highlighting the nuclear justice conversation in the Human Rights Council. We agree wholeheartedly that nuclear weapons violate the basic tenets of international human rights, including the fundamental right to life, a principle enshrined in international human rights law.

Ultimately, nuclear justice must be pursued not only as a legal and political obligation but as a moral and decolonial imperative, one that restores dignity, repairs harm, and lays the foundation for a peaceful and equitable future. States Parties must not pursue national security policies that adversely impact the fundamental rights of individuals and communities. Instead, they must address the enduring legacy of nuclear harm with humility and a firm commitment to justice.

Chair and Distinguished Representatives,

United in our shared belief of creating a world free of nuclear weapons, we, the youth, recommend the following to States Parties:
1. Restart bilateral negotiations: Urge the US and Russia to conclude a successor treaty to New START and reach a new agreement that replaces the JCPOA;
2. Call for constructive dialogue: We need open dialogue between Nuclear-Weapon States, their allies, and supporters of the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons to bridge divides and create common ground;
3. Adopt No First Use policies: All States parties should pledge to No First Use as an immediate risk reduction measure, redirecting investments from weapons modernization toward humanitarian protection and verification capabilities;
4. Strive for greater and meaningful inclusion of historically marginalised voices: provide opportunities for Indigenous communities, nuclear-affected and frontline communities, women, and youth to actively contribute to the discussions ;
5. Strengthen nuclear justice mechanisms: a). Expand compensation policies for affected communities, declassify historical test data, and establish independent accountability mechanisms; b). Convene the international meeting on victim assistance and environmental remediation prior to the next NPT Review Conference; and c). Demand that States Parties remedy the historical and ongoing harms caused by the testing and use of nuclear weapons;
6. Recommit to the 1995 Resolution on the Middle East: We urge all Nuclear-Weapon States to recommit to the 1995 Resolution and participate in the annual conference on the zone to ensure its successful implementation;
7. Promote disarmament education and youth participation: Support comprehensive disarmament education focused on the humanitarian impact to build nuclear literacy. We need to involve young people who will inherit these challenges through educating and providing them with a seat at the table; and
8. Connect to broader agendas: Link nuclear disarmament to climate action, sustainable development, and human rights frameworks to elevate its relevance and urgency.
By prioritizing these actions, States Parties can create a more equitable and sustainable framework for the NPT regime. Integrating nuclear disarmament into broader global agendas will elevate its relevance and urgency. Education and public awareness campaigns must also be amplified to underscore the incompatibility of nuclear weapons with modern humanitarian values.

We demand collective courage, commitment to justice, inclusivity, and long-term human security. Our generation will not accept empty promises or half-measures.

Will your legacy be one of preservation or destruction?

Endorsed by
Nuclear Age Peace Foundation and its youth initiative, Reverse The Trend
Qazaq Nuclear Frontline Coalition (QNFC) / ASQAQ Koalitsiyasy
Disarmament Doves
Kuntum Ilham
Darius S. Gaye
Regional Coordinator
LIFT-Liberia
Réseau Africain pour le Maintien de la Paix (RAMP-BÉNIN)
AHOTON Rock, Spécialiste Désarmement, Démobilisation et Réintégration (DDR)
Peace Building Advisor, Président du RAMP-BÉNIN
Youth Partnership for Peace and Development (YPPD), Sierra Leone
Young Women’s Knowledge and Leadership Institute (YOWL, Sierra Leone
Basel Peace Office
Association of Young Leaders United for Sustainable Development (AJLUDD), Burundi
African Students For Interfaith Tolerance
Association Katawara
The Peacebuilding Project
Steppe Organization for Peace (STOP): Qazaq youth initiative for nuclear justice
Youth for TPNW
Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom US Section, Executive Director
Pan – African Peacemakers Alliance (PAPA), South Sudan
African Peacekeeping Network (RAMP-BENIN )
Soka Gakkai International (SGI)
United Youth Task Force (UYTF), Adriatik Llugiqi
Astronomy Club Kosova (ACK), Suhel Ahmeti
IPNW
JASA

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May 5, 2025
Kiribati Statement at the 2025 NPT Preparatory Committee

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On May 2, 2025, Christian N. Ciobanu, Director of Policy and Advocacy at the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation and Adviser to the Permanent Mission of Kiribati, delivered a national statement during Cluster 1 at the 2025 Non-Proliferation Treaty Preparatory Committee (NPT PrepCom) at United Nations Headquarters in New York.

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Kiribati Statement to the 11^th Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) Review Conference Preparatory Committee

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Chair and Distinguished Representatives,

Kiribati is concerned that the Nuclear Weapon States are still maintaining and upgrading their weapons both quantitatively and qualitatively in violation of their Article VI obligations. These states have ignored the decisions contained in the historic 1996 Advisory Opinion of the ICJ, including the court’s recognition that “there is an obligation to pursue in good faith and to conclude negotiations leading to nuclear disarmament in all its aspects under strict and effective international control.”

The persistent collective decision by the NWS to ignore their Article VI obligation is placing serious constraints on the Treaty.

In this regard, we would like to remind all States Parties about the 64-point action plan from the 2010 NPT Review Conference. In particular, we want to recall Action 5 and agree with other States Parties on the necessity for the Nuclear Weapon States to present national reports that address information on how they are dismantling their nuclear weapons and actions related to fulfilling their obligations to pursue negotiations in good faith. This should be an agenda item for the NPT Review Conference.

Chair and Distinguished Representatives,

We remain highly concerned that a certain NWS is preparing to resume nuclear tests.

We remember that tests ravaged communities and divided families during the height of the Cold War, especially in the Pacific region.

As a state that has suffered from immense humanitarian and environmental consequences of testing, we are calling for explicit references to the humanitarian consequences of both the use and testing of nuclear weapons in the outcome doc. The international community must reflect that it is also the 80th anniversary of the first nuclear test conducted at the Trinity Site in New Mexico.

For us, it is clear that the use and testing of nuclear weapons violate the core principles of international humanitarian law.

Chair and Distinguished Representatives,

We believe the legacy of nuclear testing is not theoretical—it is a living reality for the survivors and their families.

In this regard, we recall that the vast majority of States voted in favor of our resolution on addressing the legacy of nuclear weapons in the UN General Assembly. Thus, we contend that States Parties should request an agenda item on nuclear legacy issues, including victim assistance and environmental remediation, at the Review Conference and during the next review cycle.

It is time for us to take action.

Thank you.

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May 2, 2025
NAPF Statement at the 2025 NPT Preparatory Committee

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Statement to the 11^th Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) Review Conference

Preparatory Committee

Honorable Chair and Distinguished Delegates,

My name is Ivana Nikolić Hughes and I am grateful for the opportunity to speak on behalf of the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, an organization that has been committed for over 40 years to educating and advocating for a just and peaceful world, one that is free of nuclear weapons. Our commitment to this vision stems from the recognition that nuclear weapons are uniquely murderous and have the potential for destruction unmatched by anything else that humans can do. No other action that humanity can take could cause the end of civilization as quickly as nuclear war could.

Nuclear weapons can impact us over vast amounts of space and vast amounts of time. A nuclear explosion may take place locally, but its impacts quickly spread and become global. A nuclear explosion may take place in a split moment in time, but its impacts may persist for thousands of years. A single nuclear explosion today could kill thousands, even millions of people due to the heat, blast, and radiation it produces. A single nuclear weapon, exploded high in the atmosphere, would produce an electromagnetic pulse that could shut down the electric grid in entire countries, placing societies into complete turmoil. Even more frightening is the prospect of nuclear war. A nuclear war, wherein hundreds or thousands of nuclear warheads are exploded, would not just kill tens of millions, even hundreds of millions of people instantly, it would also cause the depletion of the ozone layer and reduce temperatures globally, to the point of agriculture failure and starvation of billions. There would be nowhere to hide.

As the book Nuclear War: A Scenario, by author Annie Jacobsen demonstrates in vivid detail, a full-blown nuclear war could take place in just 72 minutes. Not 72 hours, or 72 days, or even years and decades, but just a little over one hour. It is not a realist position to ignore the scientific evidence on what nuclear weapons could do to our world. And it is not a realist position to disregard the constant risk that nuclear arms pose to our world. The realist position is to recognize that each nation and humanity as a whole would be safer in a world free of nuclear weapons. This is the position that each NPT Member State must embrace and work toward with renewed vigor.

Honorable Chair,

The issue of nuclear weapons is not just a matter of realism. It is also a moral issue. As we collectively mourn the passing of His Holiness Pope Francis, we must remember that he told us again and again that not only is the use of nuclear weapons immoral, so is their mere possession. His is a legacy of deep commitment to a world free of nuclear weapons. He believed that such a world was both possible and necessary. He was a staunch supporter of the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW), commending its courageous vision, its commitment to education for peace, and its humanitarian provisions on victim assistance and environmental remediation for all impacted by nuclear weapons use and testing. We implore all Member States to honor the Pope’s legacy by joining the TPNW and commend all of the States that are already a part of this historic treaty. As the Pope stated in 2022, “Adherence to, and respect for, international disarmament agreements and international law is not a form of weakness. On the contrary, it is a source of strength and responsibility.”

In this anniversary year, when we remember the first nuclear victims of the Trinity Test and the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, it is not enough to just pay lip service to the survivors and those who perished on the fateful 1945 summer days and in the decades since. Discussion of concrete steps on disarmament must be a part of the next NPT Review Conference and each Member State must do its part, most especially the Nuclear Weapons States. Here we applaud the comments of the United States President Donald Trump on the need to denuclearize and the Kremlin’s openness to dialogue and broad discussions about the two largest nuclear arsenals. These conversations can start bilaterally, but will need to expand to include China, France, and the United Kingdom, and eventually all nuclear armed states. Ratifications of the TPNW across the globe can be the final step that brings all nation States together in ensuring a future for our children, grandchildren, all future generations, and all other life on the planet.

Renewing our resolve to rid the world of weapons that can get rid of us is the only responsible thing to do in this moment. For nearly 80 years, humanity has lived in the shadow of nuclear weapons, stumbling from one catastrophe to another, but somehow, with a lot of luck, never quite getting to the unimaginable – the scourge of nuclear war. We cannot continue to play the ultimate roulette.

It is time for this body to grapple most seriously with the nuclear disarmament pillar of the NPT, not only because Article 6 represents a solemn commitment agreed upon by all of the parties to the treaty, but because the fate of the world is at stake. Motivated by love for life in all its many forms and beauties, we urge you to come together to remove the shadow of nuclear weapons, once and for all.

Thank you, Mr. Chair.

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April 30, 2025
PODCAST: Dr. Hughes and Jeffrey Sachs on Green Planet Monitor

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Originally published on Green Planet Monitor, for podcast recording click HERE. Article written by David Kattenburg.

Green Planet Monitor # 84

With David Kattenburg, Jeffrey Sachs and Dr. Ivana Nikolic Hughes

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box_shadow_style=”” z_index_hover=”” z_index=”” overflow=”” background_type=”single” background_color_medium=”” background_color_small=”” background_color_medium_hover=”” background_color_small_hover=”” background_color_hover=”” background_color=”var(–awb-custom_color_15)” gradient_start_color=”” gradient_end_color=”” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_image_medium=”” background_image_small=”” background_image=”” background_image_id_medium=”” background_image_id_small=”” background_image_id=”” lazy_load=”none” skip_lazy_load=”” background_position_medium=”” background_position_small=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat_medium=”” background_repeat_small=”” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_size_medium=”” background_size_small=”” background_size=”” background_custom_size=”” background_custom_size_medium=”” background_custom_size_small=”” 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Some are cheering. It may be premature.

On December 8, after almost 25 years of rule, and against all odds, Syrian dictator Bashar al-Assad was deposed by a small army of Islamist rebels. Assad, a reportedly soft-spoken ophthalmologist, has taken refuge in Moscow.

Assad’s ouster brings to an end 54 years of dynastic, authoritarian, and exceptionally brutal rule. Bashar’s father, Hafez al-Assad, seized power in 1971. Memories of his crackdown on grassroots opponents affiliated with the Muslim Brotherhood movement, back in February 1982, still linger on. As many as forty thousand people were massacred by Assad’s military in the central Syrian town of Hama.

Bashar-the-son may have been more easy-going than dad, but Syrians are reportedly very happy to see him go.

As Assad’s tyranny fades (and the bodies of his opponents start to be dug up, reportedly in large numbers), far more powerful, arguably more brutal actors move in like wolves. The Turks, Russians, Saudis, French, British and, of course, the US and its conjoined twin, Israel, are now turning Assad’s downfall to maximum advantage.

Israel-USA and the Turks have been violating Syrian territory and airspace for years. In the wake of Assad’s ouster, Israel has launched airstrikes up and down Syria, all the while expanding its unlawful seizure of Syrian Golan Heights land and announcing an expansion of Jewish-only colonies, in flagrant breach of international law.

The nation with the most at stake as Syria’s ‘liberation’ is undermined — Israeli-colonized Palestine — has no leaders to stand up for its interests. All but annihilated in Gaza, and wherever else its leaders now shelter themselves, the Islamic Resistance Movement, Hamas — no friend of Bashir al-Assad — has applauded the dictator’s downfall.

The ultimate outcome of Bashar al-Assad’s downfall is anyone’s guess. Everyone’s got an informed hunch. One of them is Columbia University professor Jeffrey Sachs.

Sachs is an economist and public policy analyst, and the Director of Columbia’s Center for Sustainable Development. He’s the author of numerous books and articles about COVID, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, Israel’s war on the Palestinian people, and the unconscionable and incompetent state of US public policy.

Read here and here and here.

Jeffrey Sachs’ most recent writing focuses on Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s grand strategy to depose regimes across the Middle East, North Africa and wider Southwest Asia — a strategy well received in the halls of neoliberal, permanently war-fighting power, over in Washington.

The GPM reached Jeffrey Sachs in NYC. Listen to our conversation in today’s podcast. Click on the play button above, or go here.

Watch or complete conversation here:

[/fusion_text][fusion_vimeo id=”https://vimeo.com/1039194376″ alignment=”center” width=”” height=”” start_time=”” autoplay=”false” mute=”false” api_params=”” title_attribute=”” video_facade=”” margin_top=”” margin_bottom=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” css_id=”” structured_data=”off” video_upload_date=”” video_duration=”” video_title=”” video_desc=”” /][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” user_select=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”20″ margin_right=”20″ margin_bottom=”20″ margin_left=”20″ fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

In the wake of Bashar al-Assad’s ouster, and the decimation of Hamas in Gaza and Hezbollah in Lebanon, Benjamin Netanyahu sets his sights on the last and biggest enemy state on this hit-list Jeffrey Sachs and others speak about – Iran.

Pressured by Netanyahu and deep-pocketed Zionists in Washington, the incoming Trump administration may well green-light a full scale assault on the Islamic Republic, perhaps even with nuclear weapons.

Israel, of course, is the only nuclear-armed state in the region.

A small player, by global standards. There are over 12,000 nuclear warheads on the planet, poised to be fired off at a moment’s notice, most of them in the possession of the Americans and the Russians. Once upon a time, back in the eighties, this was a subject of intense public and media debate. It isn’t anymore.

The global nuclear arsenal is a matter of huge concern for Ivana Nikolic Hughes.

Hughes is the Director of Frontiers of Science and Senior Lecturer in Discipline in the Department of Chemistry at Columbia University, in NYC. She’s also the President of the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, and has carried out research on the long-term radiological contamination of the Marshall Islands, in the central Pacific, where the US carried out 67 atomic and H-bomb tests between 1946 and 1958.

The GPM sat down with Ivana Nikolic Hughes in her office at Columbia University – a challenging campus to get into if you’re not a student or faculty member, in the wake of protests against Israeli genocide in Gaza. Our conversation went on for about an hour and a half. The first part will be posted in an upcoming GPM podcast.

Here’s the last half hour of our conversation with Ivana Nikolic Hughes, focusing on the long proposed but likely never-to-be-achieved Middle East Nuclear Free Zone, the Frontiers in Science program that Dr. Hughes teaches, the state of science awareness among her students, and the future of science-based policy under a Trump administration.

Listen to our conversation in today’s podcast. Click on the play button above, or go here.

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December 26, 2024
Choose Hope Symposium – March 2025

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On March 12-13, the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation (NAPF) and Soka Gakkai International (SGI) will host the Choose Hope Symposium. The event will honor the legacies of the NAPF Founder and President Emeritus, David Krieger, and the SGI Founder and President, Daisaku Ikeda, both of whom died in late 2023, just weeks apart.

The symposium will be held at the Music Academy in Santa Barbara. On March 12 at 6 p.m., Annie Jacobsen, the author of Nuclear War: A Scenario, will deliver the 20th Frank K. Kelly Lecture on Humanity’s Future, followed by a panel of experts who will respond to Jacobsen’s book and remarks. On March 13, there will be a series of panels, exploring themes of nuclear deterrence and nuclear abolition; the role of art in nuclear disarmament; nuclear justice; and youth and climate change.

More information about the Choose Hope Symposium will be forthcoming. We hope to see you there!

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December 6, 2024
Trump, the self-proclaimed peacemaker, should channel and exceed his inner Reagan

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The following article was co-authored by Ivana Nikolić Hughes and Peter Kuznick, published in The Hill on November 18, 2024.

For full article, please visit HERE.

“For all of the decades of rhetoric around nuclear deterrence, thousands upon thousands of pages of written analyses, and trillions of dollars spent to develop, maintain and now also to modernize our nuclear weapons arsenal, there has never been a satisfactory answer by proponents of nuclear arms to a simple question of what will happen if nuclear deterrence fails.”

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November 18, 2024