Nuclear Age Peace Foundation

Category: Key Issues

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Panel at Soka University – Nobel Prize and Nuclear Weapons

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On March 30, 2024, at Soka University, NAPF President Ivana Hughes participated in a panel discussion titled “Can the Nobel Peace Prize Prevent Nuclear War?”. She spoke alongside Dr. Asle Toje, Deputy Chairman of the Nobel Peace Prize Committee, and Dr. William Potter, Founding Director of the James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies, on a panel moderated by Alexander Harang, Distinguished Adjunct Professor at Soka University of America.

The event took place in Soka University’s beautiful Athenaeum and was well attended by Soka University students, staff, and interested members of the public. The premise was two-fold: 1) nuclear weapons are an existential threat to humanity and 2) numerous Nobel Peace prizes in the Atomic Age have been given to individuals and organizations engaged in disarmament and arms reduction efforts. Given the still-present danger posed by nuclear weapons, have Nobel Peace prizes mitigated the risk? How can the Nobel Peace Prize Committee continue to support disarmament efforts? The conversation attempted to answer these questions.

Each speaker delivered personal remarks, which were followed up by a dynamic discussion with questions posed by the moderator and by an eager audience. Afterward, the conversations flowed into the reception hall. A central theme that emerged throughout the event is that peace is difficult to measure. Indeed, the world is currently full of conflict- perhaps more than in recent decades. However, we have no idea what kind of society we would be living in if not for the valiant efforts of previous generations of peacemakers. As such, the public must continue recognizing and finding inspiration in the lives of those who engage in Nobel Peace Prize-worthy work.

Dr. William Potter kicked off the event recounting why nuclear weapons issues are important to him. He discussed the significance of the ever-growing nuclear-weapon-free zones and strengthening international diplomacy. Dr. Potter also identified the global problem of ignorance around nuclear weapons topics and explained that quality education is vital to developing critical thinking skills that can counter false deterrence rhetoric.

Next, Dr. Hughes followed with her remarks. A resounding message wove throughout her reflection: it is near impossible to predict how our present efforts will shape the future, and we should engage in every effort we believe might contribute to ridding the world of nuclear weapons. She offered the example of physicist I.I. Rabi, whose discovery of nuclear magnetic resonance in 1938 led, many decades later, to the development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which has profoundly impacted modern medicine. Likewise, envisioning all of the potential positive outcomes of current peace-building efforts is impossible: “Like the physicists, the doves and disarmament proponents cannot always predict what exactly will do the most good or where exactly their work will lead.”

Third, Dr. Asle Toje offered insights into the reasoning behind recent selections of Nobel Peace Prize winners. He identified three categories of individuals and organizations awarded the prize for disarmament efforts. The first is the “influencer”: the person who uses their position of power to speak out against nuclear weapons. Second are institution builders: those who create frameworks and structures through which disarmament can be advanced. Third are those who collect facts and information. All three are equally essential to holistically move towards a world free of nuclear weapons. Dr. Toje ended by reminding the audience that to do meaningful, creative work, one needs to feel inspired by and connected to the natural world. Although the present state of nuclear weapon arsenals is worthy of fear, it is only through a love of our shared planet and each other that we can create lasting change.

Throughout the Q&A session, a wide range of topics including the war in Ukraine, geopolitical shifts since the Cold War, nuclear deterrence, calculation and conceptualization of nuclear risk, the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, and the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons were discussed. In her concluding comments, Dr. Hughes stated: “I do this work because I am an optimist. I believe that we can and we will get rid of nuclear weapons in my lifetime.”

For Dr. Hughes’ full remarks, please see: HERE

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April 8, 2024
Can the Nobel Peace Prize Prevent Nuclear War?

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Delivered at Soka University of America on March 30, 2024 at a panel entitled “Can the Nobel Peace Prize Prevent Nuclear War,” featuring Dr. Asle Toje, Deputy Chairman of the Nobel Peace Prize Committee, and Dr. William Potter, Founding Director of the James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies.

Thank you so very much to the organizers for inviting me to this important conversation and to this beautiful campus. It is truly an honor and a privilege to be here with the esteemed panelists and with all of you.

In 1938, in the laboratories of Columbia University’s Pupin Hall, physicist I.I. Rabi discovered a curious feature of hydrogen atoms – atoms that are a part of every water molecule and every part of your body. Rabi found that when hydrogen atoms are placed in a magnetic field, they release radio signals at particular frequencies. In 1944, Rabi won the Nobel Prize in Physics for this discovery. Fast forward to the 1970s when Paul Lauterbur found a way to use this phenomenon to image the human body, known as magnetic resonance imaging, a discovery for which he won the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 2003. In the late 1980s and near the end of his life, Rabi actually went into an MRI machine himself. He would state: “I never thought my work would come to this.”

Many in this audience may have gotten an MRI scan themselves. Most probably realize that the technology has allowed doctors to identify and treat injuries and tumors. Neuroscientists even use a version of MRI called functional magnetic resonance imaging or fMRI to learn about what happens in our brains when we perform certain tasks and how to treat different brain conditions and diseases.

The story of Rabi’s discovery of nuclear magnetic resonance illustrates two fundamental principles about how science progresses and the role that Nobel Prize-winning or worthy work has played in this journey. The first is that such discoveries exist on a path that while not always and at all times linear, eventually lead towards more and further understanding, what we might call progress. The other fundamental principle is that although one can guarantee that we will know more in the decades to come, there is no predicting what it is that we might unearth or how. Rabi could not have imagined that his discovery of nuclear magnetic resonance could lead to spaceship-like machines that can peer into our bodies – without any harmful radiation, like x-rays – and even peer into the secrets of our brain.

Contrast Rabi’s discovery with another physicist’s contribution, that of Lise Meitner, who figured out that when bombarded with neutrons – subatomic particles found in the atoms that make up you and everything you have ever seen and touched – certain atoms split into other, smaller atoms, releasing energy. Meitner did not win the Nobel Prize in Physics – others did for carrying out the experiments – but her discovery led to the development of atomic bombs just several years later. In 1945, the United States tested the Trinity bomb in New Mexico, causing suffering for the fallout victims and their descendants to this day. We then went on to use two atomic bombs in attacks on Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The scale of death and devastation, both short and long-term is impossible to comprehend.

Like Rabi, Meitner may not have imagined where her discovery would lead us. But was this progress? I contend that arriving at the ability to kill hundreds of thousands and today, even hundreds of millions of people was not progress. As our nuclear weapon arsenals grew and the bombs in possession of today’s nine nuclear weapon states became more powerful, more precise, and able to be delivered anywhere in the world, today’s weapons threaten to destroy human civilization as we know it and possibly even life on Earth.

This is not a matter of science fiction novels or films, but a scientific understanding of what would happen to our planet and to humanity in case of widespread nuclear war. A primary consequence of fires from nuclear weapon attacks would be enormous amounts of soot in the atmosphere, which would in turn dramatically block incoming sunlight from reaching us, which would lead to significant drops in temperature and furthermore widespread failure of agriculture and food production lasting many years. This is called nuclear winter and nuclear famine and would lead to more than two billion people dying from starvation around the globe in a scenario of a nuclear war between India and Pakistan, and more than five and a half billion people dying from starvation due to a nuclear war between US and Russia in which the US and Russia use just one third of their current arsenals.

Is this progress? And if not, who erred and when? Was it the scientists, or the politicians, or both? Every single day that these weapons are on our planet, they threaten everything we love and everything we hold dear. They threaten life itself.

Let’s now contrast the accomplishments of physicists with those of numerous peacemakers, disarmament activists, scientists, diplomats, and many others who have done Nobel Peace Prize winning or worthy work.

Two essential points need to be made:

Number one, like the physicists, the doves and disarmament proponents cannot always predict what exactly will do the most good or where exactly their work will lead.

But in contrast to one discovery leading to another in physics, with peace, progress is decisively not linear. While one can use certain proxies to argue that humanity may be better off today than at any point in history, we are living in an exceedingly challenging time both nationally and internationally. When it comes to global peace, we are decisively worse off than we have been since the end of the Cold War and possibly even earlier. On nuclear disarmament, while we have far fewer nuclear warheads than the 70,000 that existed in 1986, we still have about 12,500 too many. While we have conflicts involving nuclear weapon possessors raging and geopolitical tensions rising, we also have a Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons or TPNW. It is a two steps forward, one step back, and often one step forward, two steps back kind of path.

Daisaku Ikeda, the great Soka Gakkai leader and Founder of this incredible University and David Krieger, Founder and President Emeritus of the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, both of whom we sadly lost last year, in their book, Choose Hope, spoke about the way in which peace is not simply there for the taking once achieved. Instead, they discussed the need to nurture peace, stating, that “sowing seeds of peace demands perseverance. Once planted, the seeds require nurturing. In other words, the peace process requires sustained commitment.”

I propose that instead of saying that we are not where we need to be, we should imagine a world without Joseph Rotblatt, and Setsuko Thurlow, and Andrei Sakharov, and David Krieger, and Alfonso Garcia Robles, and Alva Myrdal, and Richard Falk, and Linus Pauling, and Beatrice Fihn, and Daisaku Ikeda, and Nelson Mandela, and so many others. I contend that without them and their work, we might not be here to have this discussion.

Today, while being vaguely aware of nuclear weapons, the vast majority of people do not understand what is at stake. And that is where the Nobel Peace Prize Committee can help by awarding the prize to people and organizations who are doing the work of bringing awareness and solutions that will lead us to a world free of nuclear weapons and free of the threat of annihilation, thus helping to raise more awareness. The Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in particular is a young treaty and it needs our help. People need to know about it and what it aims to accomplish. People need to know that we all stand to gain if nuclear weapons are eliminated.

It is also essential that we realize that disarmament and peace are not two separate journeys. They may at times pursue their own short detours, but they are ultimately – always – part of the same road towards a better world. When it comes to nuclear weapon possessors, peace is not just a moral imperative, it is an existential imperative. No nation, let alone national leader, should have the ability to destroy all of humanity. Nuclear weapons must go and the Nobel Peace Prize can help make it so.

Let me end with the words of General Lee Butler, who after the Cold War was Commander of US Strategic forces, in other words, in charge of the US’s vast nuclear arsenal of strategic – or very powerful and capable of going very far – nuclear weapons. This is a quote from 1996 and it comes from Ikeda and Kriger’s book Choose Hope – “We cannot at once keep sacred the miracle of existence and hold sacrosanct the capacity to destroy it.” Think about that – miracle of existence vs. the capacity to destroy it.

We must choose hope that it is possible to hold on to the former and eliminate the latter.

Thank you!

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April 2, 2024
Ivana Hughes on Peace Podcast

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On March 26, Dr. Ivana Hughes joined Barbara Gaughen-Muller on the Peace Podcast to discuss the importance of the UN Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in creating a better world. Check out the episode below!

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March 27, 2024
What Was I Made For?

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When Robert Downey Jr. accepted his Academy Award earlier this month, he spoke of the people who supported him during times of personal struggle and empowered him to not just restart his acting career, but to reach the pinnacle achievement of one. Downey did not mention nuclear weapons or the fact that the actions of his character, Lewis Strauss, may have led – and might still lead – to the end of human civilization as we know it.

This was perhaps not surprising, given that Downey’s has really been a kind of comeback story that can and should inspire others during trying times. Still, it made me wonder what might have happened if David Krumholtz had been nominated and won as best supporting actor for his portrayal of Strauss’s antidote in Oppenheimer, the famed physicist I.I. Rabi. Would Krumholtz have given a speech inspired by Rabi’s anti-nuclear weapon stance, which the film showcases beautifully?

Remember the guy who refuses to join the Manhattan Project, telling Oppenheimer in Los Alamos that he doesn’t want “300 years of physics to culminate in the making of a bomb?” He’s also the one who looks devastated moments after the “successful” Trinity test. And he is the one who keeps giving Oppenheimer oranges.

The contrast between Strauss and Rabi, in life and on the screen, could not be starker. While Strauss is intent on destroying Oppenheimer, Rabi is a good friend to Oppenheimer from the moment the two met in Europe at a young age. While Strauss is obsessed with hydrogen bombs, weapons that can be thousands of times more powerful than the bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Rabi calls them “weapons of genocide.”

Alas, good guys are not nearly as interesting on the screen as the bad ones. And the Strauss/Downey combination is that of a perfect bad guy. Downy put on a delicious display of this badness on Sunday.

And yet, it was Krumholtz’s portrayal that captivated me throughout the film. For one, as a scientist and a mother, I have been worried about nuclear weapons for many years and to see a powerful portrayal in a blockbuster film of someone who was worried about them from the dawn of the nuclear age was inspiring. More than that, I have a personal connection to Rabi. I live with my family in Rabi’s old apartment in a building owned by Columbia University.

Short version of the story: Mrs. Helen Rabi passed away at 102 in 2005, around the time that Columbia was recruiting my husband to join the university as a Professor of Physics. At one point in the negotiations – having known that Mrs. Rabi had passed and having been in the Rabi apartment many years prior (his dad was a graduate student of Rabi’s) – Emlyn almost jokingly said, “I’ll come if you give me the Rabi apartment.” We’ve been living in it pretty much ever since.

Working on nuclear weapons abolition, at times from home, I feel a deep personal connection to Rabi that helps to sustain me in times of challenge. I even have Rabi’s desk in my Columbia office, but that’s a story for another time.

Except for Emma Thomas and Jennifer Lame, the Oppenheimer awardee cohort was dominated by men, a reflection in part of Nolan’s choices, but also of the film’s focus on a time dominated by men. This is just as well. The men can have the beginning of the nuclear age. Women, on the other hand, have been key players in writing the history of the end of the nuclear age.

It started with Women Strike for Peace, which helped bring about the Partial Test Ban Treaty in 1963. Women led preparations for the 1982 Central Park Rally, which brought a million people to Central Park to protest the nuclear arms race. Today, women from around the world, including from communities affected by nuclear weapons testing and use, are leading efforts to strengthen and implement the UN Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons, our best hope for a world free of this existential threat.

For women from affected communities, nuclear weapons are personal. Exposure to radiation has led to miscarriages and birth defects, as well as cancers in women and girls at higher rates than those in men and boys.

Despite my obsession with Oppenheimer, the most emotional moment of the Oscars for me was the heart wrenching performance of What Was I Made For by Billie Eilish and Finneas O’Connell. Ironic, as I initially even refused to watch Barbie. I was thinking of the way all of us ask this very same question and contend with the eternal desire to feel.

You have to wonder how we can put it all at risk, eight billion people asking what they were made for.

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March 24, 2024
FALTAN 90 SEGUNDOS PARA MEDIANOCHE

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Por Ivana Nikolic Hughes | 25 de enero de 2023

Traducción de Rubén D. Arvizu

Ayer, el Boletín de Científicos Atómicos, una organización preeminente fundada en 1945 con el objetivo de publicar y pronunciarse sobre los peligros de la carrera armamentística nuclear, y más recientemente sobre otras amenazas existenciales, como el cambio climático, anunció su última lectura del Reloj del Juicio Final. La historia del reloj se remonta a 1947, cuando el Boletín pidió al artista Martyl Langsdorf que creara una portada para la revista; Langsdorf procedió a dibujar un reloj, con las agujas a siete minutos para la medianoche. Su elección de la imagen pretendía reflejar la urgencia del momento y el hecho de que quedaba muy poco tiempo para evitar una catástrofe mundial provocada por el hombre antes de que sucediera. En 1949, el Boletín empezó a utilizar la imagen anualmente para determinar el estado actual de los asuntos mundiales e indicar si las cosas habían mejorado o empeorado en comparación con el año anterior y con todas las lecturas anteriores del reloj. Con el tiempo, el Reloj del Juicio Final se convirtió en un símbolo de todo lo que está mal en el mundo actual y en un indicador ampliamente anticipado de los riesgos y amenazas mundiales.

Desde 1949, el minutero del reloj se ha cambiado 24 veces, alcanzando los 17 minutos para la medianoche o el más lejano de la medianoche en 1991, al final de la Guerra Fría. Antes de 2020, el ajuste más cercano fue de dos minutos para la medianoche durante el periodo de 1953 a 1959, cuando tanto Estados Unidos como la Unión Soviética no sólo adquirieron, sino que probaron ampliamente bombas de hidrógeno. Las bombas de hidrógeno, al utilizar la fusión, el proceso que alimenta el Sol y las estrellas, en lugar de sólo la fisión, aumentaron el rendimiento energético y la destructividad de las armas nucleares en órdenes de magnitud. Estados Unidos probó -en las Islas Marshall y Kiribati- bombas que eran hasta 1.000 veces más potentes que la bomba de Hiroshima, mientras que los soviéticos ensayaron bombas de hidrógeno que alcanzaron hasta 50 megatones o el equivalente a más de 3.300 bombas de Hiroshima. La mayoría de esas pruebas de altísimo rendimiento se realizaron cerca de la isla de Severny, en el Ártico, y algunas tuvieron lugar en el centro de pruebas de Semipalatinsk, en Kazajstán.

En enero de 2020, justo cuando la pandemia de COVID se aceleraba, el Consejo de Ciencia y Seguridad del Boletín puso el reloj a 100 segundos de la medianoche, lo más cerca que había estado nunca, para reflejar el deterioro del entorno de seguridad mundial, así como la aceleración de los impactos del calentamiento global y la falta de avances significativos para hacer frente al cambio climático. La lectura del reloj no se modificó en 2021 y 2022 y, cuando comenzó la guerra de Ucrania el pasado mes de febrero, muchos empezaron a preguntarse cómo afectaría el nuevo y mayor riesgo de intercambio nuclear o algo peor a las futuras lecturas del reloj. Así que, como miles de personas, ayer por la mañana estaba pendiente de la pantalla de mi televisor, anticipando con cierta inquietud qué hora marcarían los expertos del Boletín para este año. Está claro que las manecillas del reloj no influyen en la situación sobre los acontecimientos en Ucrania o en el mundo, pero tenía la sensación de que la lectura reflejaría la urgencia del momento, como lo ha hecho durante décadas. Enfrentarme a esta urgencia de una forma tan directa me inquietó.

Cuando Mary Robinson, ex presidenta de Irlanda, y otros revelaron en el reloj que faltaban 90 segundos para la medianoche, respiré aliviada. Sí, 90 segundos para la medianoche está terriblemente cerca y es lo más cerca que ha estado nunca el reloj. Estoy totalmente de acuerdo con esta valoración, ya que la guerra de Ucrania ha aumentado sin duda el riesgo de uso de armas nucleares, que ya era inaceptablemente alto, al tiempo que ha causado otros problemas mundiales y ha puesto de manifiesto nuestra interdependencia global. Así que estoy de acuerdo en que hoy estamos peor que nunca. Para quienes descartan los peligros, citaría al profesor Marty Hellman, de la Universidad de Stanford, quien afirma que “quienes descartan el riesgo de guerra nuclear derivado de la guerra en Ucrania probablemente tengan razón, pero probablemente no sea suficiente cuando está en juego la supervivencia de nuestra nación”. A esto yo añadiría que la guerra nuclear no amenaza sólo a nuestra nación y a otros países por separado, sino a la civilización humana tal y como la conocemos y posiblemente a la especie humana y a otras formas de vida en el planeta. Evaluar el riesgo como el más alto de la historia me parece muy acertado.

Mi alivio al oír y ver que faltaban 90 segundos para la medianoche se debió al hecho de que podría haber imaginado una fecha aún más cercana, por ejemplo, un minuto para la medianoche. Creo que 90 segundos es una mejor valoración, ya que refleja las numerosas oportunidades de mejorar las cosas. Al salir de una pandemia mundial, deberíamos estar mejor preparados para afrontar futuras pandemias individualmente y dentro de nuestras comunidades y sociedades. El calentamiento global está teniendo efectos tan visibles en todo el planeta (escribo esto desde Nueva York, donde aún no ha caído la primera nevada de la temporada de invierno 2022/2023) por lo que negarlo ya ni siquiera es una estrategia viable, y el optimismo ante el cambio a las energías renovables en lugares como China e India no me parece prematuro. Por último, la guerra de Ucrania ha hecho que mucha gente se dé cuenta de los peligros que siguen representando las armas nucleares, peligros que parecían haber dejado de lado tras la caída del Muro de Berlín. Esos peligros, de hecho, nunca desaparecieron y la esperanza es que, al permitir que todo el mundo los vea como lo que son, podamos finalmente alcanzar las aspiraciones de décadas de abolición nuclear.

Esto me lleva a mi punto favorito sobre por qué hay motivos para la esperanza. El Tratado sobre la Prohibición de las Armas Nucleares (TPNW) lleva ya dos años en vigor (acabamos de celebrar su segundo aniversario el 22 de enero), cuenta con 68 ratificaciones y 92 Estados signatarios, y ambas listas de Estados siguen creciendo. Tuve la suerte de asistir y participar en la Primera Reunión de los Estados Parte el pasado mes de junio en Viena, donde pude llenarme del optimismo y la ilusión de diplomáticos, sociedad civil, académicos y jóvenes, todos trabajando juntos para hacer realidad las promesas de este tratado histórico. En la Nuclear Age Peace Foundation trabajamos arduamente en la promoción, el fortalecimiento y la aplicación del TPNW y estamos convencidos de que el tratado es nuestra mejor esperanza para legar a nuestros hijos un mundo libre de armas nucleares. Debemos hacer todo lo posible para que cumpla todos sus objetivos. Al fin y al cabo, sólo disponemos de 90 segundos para hacerlo.

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March 22, 2024
The Legacies of David Krieger and Robert Oppenheimer: Iconic Signatures of the Nuclear Age

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Delivered at the Celebration of David Krieger’s Legacy on March 14, 2024 at the Music Academy, Santa Barbara, California

Let me begin by adding my greetings to those many members of David’s family that are here among us on this most special occasion– at once solemn in our remembrance of loss and celebratory in our sense of David’s lifetime dedication to what Lincoln called ‘our better angels.’

And a warm welcome to those others gathered here today in friendship and admiration for a life well and meaningfully lived by David.

I feel moved and challenged to be part of this remembrance of David, coming a few days after the question of nuclear weapons was brought before the American people by the many honors heaped on Christopher Nolan’s Oppenheimer at the Academy Awards ceremony. I believe it accurate to suggest that not since the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962 or perhaps even the atomic attacks on Japanese cities at the end of World War II, has there been such public attention given to the dangers of nuclear war by ordinary American citizens. Of course, this flurry of concern was abetted in a variety of ways by the nuclear diplomacy of Vladimir Putin, which can be best understood as both a threat and a warning. It seems to be sending a message to the West that Russia is ready for nuclear war if the US escalates its involvement in the Ukraine War by sending US troops to fight alongside the Ukrainians, a course of action many of us oppose for reasons additional to those associated with Putin.

The loss of David in 2023 given these background circumstances reminds us of his lifelong dedication to ridding humanity of the nuclear menace both by educating Americans and others about the apocalyptic dangers of nuclear war and by his sharp criticisms of the distressing embrace of nuclear weaponry by the US Government and its main alliance partners during the Cold War and ever since. This embrace included the bipartisan failure to comply with international law, most explicitly with Article VI of the Nonproliferation Treaty requiring nuclear weapons states to seek in good faith nuclear disarmament. In a more personal sense David left us at a time when I know that he felt that his successor as President of the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation would provide the same commitment, energy, and inspiration in providing the same practical leadership that so vividly defined David’s professional and spiritual identity. I know that I speak for the entire Board and Staff of the NAPF when I say that we all share David’s sense that the Foundation is in the best possible hands under this leadership provided by Ivana Hughes; we could not be more fortunate having Ivana as David’s successor, which I am glad to report is a view that David fully shared.

My own special friendship with David stretching over a period of more than four decades combined three dimensions that I have experienced with no other person on this or any other planet—first, an abiding love of poetry as a source of deep knowledge of truth, the good, and beautiful, as stretching our sense of reality beyond what is expressible in ordinary language, and also as poets taking on the most challenging of spiritual practices, secondly, our shared love of tennis as an exalting and satisfying, if at time frustrating blend of sport and fellowship, and thirdly, our shared sense of horror and fear with respect to all that was associated with past, present, and future of nuclear weaponry. This last gave rise in David to a resolve not to be a passive observer in this wrong turn taken by the human species but to embark on a lifelong commitment to do everything within his power to work toward the abolition of this infernal weaponry not primarily to avoid himself experiencing such a culminating human tragedy but more so for the sake of those he loved, of yet unborn future generations, and on behalf a benign destiny for humanity.

We also talked quite often of a fourth shared enthusiasm, which would involve nurturing our fondness for the game of chess. Perhaps, because it might have served as a way of testing our relative abilities, we never got around to it, and in this sense, it was undoubtedly my good fortune to advert humiliation as we, somewhat suspiciously, never did find an opportunity to match wits in this manner. Another aspect of this special friendship was the closeness of our two families, as more broadly shared with Imaging and Gerry Spence, reinforced by the closeness of my wife, Hilal, with Carolee and Mara, David’s ever so faithful and loving partner and his beloved, amazing daughter.

I know that others more qualified than I have read and will be reading some of David’s poems, but I wanted to frame my remarks by a poem that expresses with devastating conciseness the morbid hypocrisy of those standing guard over our arsenal of nuclear weapons and continuing to this day to do so with a smile of national self-righteousness:

A Short History Lesson: 1945

August 6th

Dropped atomic bomb

On civilians

At Hiroshima.

August 8th:

Agreed to hold War crime trials

For Nazis.

August 9th:

Dropped atomic bomb

On civilians

At Nagasaki.

I have had the odd personal experience of knowing both David as a cherished friend and Robert Oppenheimer as a somewhat irksome acquaintance. I found an unusual mixture of convergence and divergence in my experience of these two extraordinary individuals. Both of their lives were publicly defined by ‘the bomb,’ Oppenheimer by its development, use, and later as a victim of a witch hunting brought to the fore by his morally driven belated opposition to any development of this weaponry beyond its atomic bomb stage. David became what he was by his horrified reaction to the use of the bomb, anti-nuclear activism reflecting his belief that only people could bring the pressures needed to make governments possessing advanced nuclear technology to give it up, and that his form of engaged citizenship in the Nuclear Age was to exercise civil society leadership in advocating abolition.

In contrast, Oppenheimer never wanted to relinquish altogether the fame he acquired by being widely known as ‘the father of the A-Bomb’ or for that matter his access to top-secret classified documents relating to national security. David had no ambivalence about his opposition to the use of atomic bombs against innocent civilian populations at a time in World War II when diplomacy could almost certainly have achieved the national goal of obtaining Japan’s surrender, while Oppenheimer took satisfaction in the success of his mission, including even the use of the weapon, although he later came to fear and oppose further development, specifically with H-Bomb technology that proved to have an explosive force that was 1000 times greater than the bombs used against Japanese cities. It is this posture which got him into unpleasant trouble with the militarist and foreign policy establishment whose eyes were firmly fixed after 1945 on geopolitical supremacy for the country based on military and economic dominance, and not peace and justice for the world. In a sense, Oppenheimer’s life is a metaphor for the red lines that make working within the structures of government for a more peaceful world dangerous and futile, while David’s life enjoyed the benefits of moral purity, but was tormented in anguishing ways by the frustrations of mere citizenship in a country that would not act in accord with its proclaimed values, including respect for international law and the United Nations. Both lives will be forever intimately connected with the realities of ‘the nuclear age’—by their shared opposition to the persistence of nuclearism and by their divergent paths of rejection from within and frustrations from without the established political order. I am sure Ivana will find creative ways of keeping alive this dual pedagogical legacy of both David and Oppenheimer as continuing exemplary figures in this ongoing struggle to avoid a future war fought with nuclear weapons.

Again, to speak personally, it was my privilege to have learned from these two iconic figures, although far closer in mind, heart, and soul to one than the other. Let me end with a poem written by David in 2020. I have selected it because it so gracefully expressive of David’s rare comprehension among we Westerners of right living, right feeling, and right knowing:

Wisdom Is…
available to all, but rare
distilled from experience
advanced by dialogue
listening carefully
thinking deeply
doing what is right
selecting good over evil
speaking truth
acting with integrity
living simply
being kind and compassionate
demonstrating courage
learning from nature
Questioning
following the Way (Tao)
helping others
striving for peace with justice
being humble
choosing hope
persevering.

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March 16, 2024
President’s Letter – February 2024

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February 27, 2024

Dear NAPF Community,

Last month, the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists revealed their latest Doomsday Clock reading in a public event. The clock’s reading remained at 90 seconds to midnight, which was reached last year and which is also the closest that the clock has ever been to a metaphorical nuclear Armageddon that would obliterate human civilization and possibly even life on the planet. [Following the 2023 announcement, I wrote this article about the history of the clock and my interpretations of its reading.]

Since this year’s announcement, I’ve had a chance to speak in front of large audiences – who had chosen to come and hear me talk about nuclear weapons – and each time, when I asked, the majority of those in attendance had not been aware of the clock’s existence nor even of just how dangerous our current moment is. With conflicts involving nuclear weapon possessors raging and geopolitical tensions rising, most people are blissfully ignorant of this ominous threat. This is in large part due to our politicians and media happily pretending that the threat of nuclear weapons is not there. And yet, the good news is that we not only have a simple solution – abolishing and eliminating nuclear weapons – but we also have a mechanism for doing so, the United Nations Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW).

At NAPF, our work on promoting and implementing the TPNW continues apace, including on the treaty’s nuclear justice provisions. Please see below for our latest articles, events, interviews, and updates. Please also join us for the Veterans for Peace webinar on Thursday, February 29 (4 pm PT / 7 pm ET) and for the Celebration of David Krieger’s Legacy on Thursday, March 14 (4-6 pm, with a reception 6-7 pm) at the Music Academy in Santa Barbara. Relevant links for both events are below.

We pursue this work tirelessly and will continue to do so with your support.

Most warmly,

Ivana

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Read the latest article by Dr. Ivana Nikolić Hughes on Why the United States Should Lead the World on Nuclear Disarmament All the Way to a World Free of Nuclear Weapons.

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Article in the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists

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Dr. Ivana Nikolić Hughes rallied the nuclear disarmament community to respond swiftly and forcefully to a recent article in the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, written by Zachary Kallenborn, who alleged that the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) is an existential threat to humanity.

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Events and Updates

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Celebration of the Third Anniversary of the TPNW Entry into Force

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On January 29, NAPF co-hosted the Celebration of the Third Anniversary of the TPNW Entry into Force with the Permanent Mission of Kazakhstan, the Permanent Mission of Kiribati, and our youth initiative Reverse the Trend. The event took place at the Permanent Mission of Kazakhstan in New York. We are grateful to our partners and amazing speakers.

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Interview on the current state of disarmament on Global Connections TV

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Dr. Ivana Nikolić Hughes spoke with Bill Miller of Global Connections Television about the threat of nuclear weapons, the challenges of nuclear disarmament, and how the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons can help us achieve a better future – or any future at all – for humanity.

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United Nations General Assembly overwhelmingly adopts a resolution on nucear justice

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This resolution, brought forward by the Republics of Kazakhstan and Kiribati, and co-sponsored by 41 UN Member States from across the globe, was overwhelmingly approved with 161 nations voting in favor in the General Assembly. Previous vote in the General Assembly’s First Committee resulted in 171 votes in favor. We are proud of the valiant efforts of our Director of Policy and Advocacy and RTT Coordinator, Christian Ciobanu, who, along with interns and RTT youth activists, played a critical role in bringing the resolution to life and to a successful vote.

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Side event to the Asia Pacific Forum on sustainable development

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On February 21, Bond Rungrot Tatiyawongwiwat and Amir Ruzain, two youth representatives of Reverse The Trend South and Southeast Asia, a youth initiative of the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation (NAPF), participated in a special event entitled “Advancing the Global Agenda toward Peaceful and Inclusive societies- Bridging Humanity, Security, and Sustainability.” This side event was held on the margins of the Asia Pacific Forum for Sustainable Development. Hiroshima Prefecture, Hiroshima Organization for Global Peace, RTT, and NAPF co-sponsored this event.

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Upcoming

[/fusion_text][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_2″ layout=”1_2″ align_self=”auto” content_layout=”column” align_content=”flex-start” valign_content=”flex-start” content_wrap=”wrap” spacing=”” center_content=”no” column_tag=”div” link=”” target=”_self” link_description=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” type_medium=”” type_small=”” flex_grow_medium=”” flex_grow_small=”” flex_grow=”” flex_shrink_medium=”” flex_shrink_small=”” flex_shrink=”” order_medium=”0″ order_small=”0″ dimension_spacing_medium=”” dimension_spacing_small=”” dimension_spacing=”” dimension_margin_medium=”” dimension_margin_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_bottom=”” padding_medium=”” padding_small=”” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” hover_type=”none” border_sizes=”” border_color_hover=”” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_radius=”” box_shadow=”no” dimension_box_shadow=”” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” z_index_hover=”” z_index=”” overflow=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_color=”” gradient_end_color=”” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color_medium=”” background_color_small=”” background_color_medium_hover=”” background_color_small_hover=”” background_color_hover=”” background_color=”” background_image_medium=”” background_image_small=”” background_image=”” background_image_id_medium=”” background_image_id_small=”” background_image_id=”” lazy_load=”none” skip_lazy_load=”” background_position_medium=”” background_position_small=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat_medium=”” background_repeat_small=”” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_size_medium=”” background_size_small=”” background_size=”” background_custom_size=”” background_custom_size_medium=”” background_custom_size_small=”” background_blend_mode_medium=”” background_blend_mode_small=”” background_blend_mode=”none” render_logics=”” sticky=”off” sticky_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_offset=”” absolute=”off” absolute_props=”” filter_type=”regular” filter_hover_element=”self” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ transform_type=”regular” transform_hover_element=”self” transform_scale_x=”1″ transform_scale_y=”1″ transform_translate_x=”0″ transform_translate_y=”0″ transform_rotate=”0″ transform_skew_x=”0″ transform_skew_y=”0″ transform_scale_x_hover=”1″ transform_scale_y_hover=”1″ transform_translate_x_hover=”0″ transform_translate_y_hover=”0″ transform_rotate_hover=”0″ transform_skew_x_hover=”0″ transform_skew_y_hover=”0″ transform_origin=”” transition_duration=”300″ transition_easing=”ease” transition_custom_easing=”” motion_effects=”” scroll_motion_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” last=”false” border_position=”all” first=”true” spacing_right=””][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

Veterans for Peace Webinar

[/fusion_text][fusion_imageframe image_id=”24884|full” aspect_ratio=”” custom_aspect_ratio=”100″ aspect_ratio_position=”” skip_lazy_load=”” lightbox=”no” gallery_id=”” lightbox_image=”” lightbox_image_id=”” alt=”” link=”” linktarget=”_self” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” max_width=”” sticky_max_width=”” align_medium=”none” align_small=”none” align=”none” mask=”” custom_mask=”” mask_size=”” mask_custom_size=”” mask_position=”” mask_custom_position=”” mask_repeat=”” style_type=”” blur=”” stylecolor=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” hover_type=”none” magnify_full_img=”” magnify_duration=”120″ scroll_height=”100″ scroll_speed=”1″ margin_top_medium=”” margin_right_medium=”” margin_bottom_medium=”” margin_left_medium=”” margin_top_small=”” margin_right_small=”” margin_bottom_small=”” margin_left_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” bordersize=”” bordercolor=”” borderradius=”” z_index=”” caption_style=”off” caption_align_medium=”none” caption_align_small=”none” caption_align=”none” caption_title=”” caption_text=”” caption_title_tag=”2″ fusion_font_family_caption_title_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_title_font=”” caption_title_size=”” caption_title_line_height=”” caption_title_letter_spacing=”” caption_title_transform=”” caption_title_color=”” caption_background_color=”” fusion_font_family_caption_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_text_font=”” caption_text_size=”” caption_text_line_height=”” caption_text_letter_spacing=”” caption_text_transform=”” caption_text_color=”” caption_border_color=”” caption_overlay_color=”” caption_margin_top=”” caption_margin_right=”” caption_margin_bottom=”” caption_margin_left=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″]https://wagingpeace.davidmolinaojeda.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/1708612511334-Untitleddesign-2.png[/fusion_imageframe][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

To register, click HERE.

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David Krieger Celebration

[/fusion_text][fusion_imageframe image_id=”24628|full” aspect_ratio=”” custom_aspect_ratio=”100″ aspect_ratio_position=”” skip_lazy_load=”” lightbox=”no” gallery_id=”” lightbox_image=”” lightbox_image_id=”” alt=”” link=”https://wagingpeace.davidmolinaojeda.com/celebration-legacy-of-david-krieger/” linktarget=”_self” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” max_width=”” sticky_max_width=”” align_medium=”none” align_small=”none” align=”none” mask=”” custom_mask=”” mask_size=”” mask_custom_size=”” mask_position=”” mask_custom_position=”” mask_repeat=”” style_type=”” blur=”” stylecolor=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” hover_type=”none” magnify_full_img=”” magnify_duration=”120″ scroll_height=”100″ scroll_speed=”1″ margin_top_medium=”” margin_right_medium=”” margin_bottom_medium=”” margin_left_medium=”” margin_top_small=”” margin_right_small=”” margin_bottom_small=”” margin_left_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” bordersize=”” bordercolor=”” borderradius=”” z_index=”” caption_style=”off” caption_align_medium=”none” caption_align_small=”none” caption_align=”none” caption_title=”” caption_text=”” caption_title_tag=”2″ fusion_font_family_caption_title_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_title_font=”” caption_title_size=”” caption_title_line_height=”” caption_title_letter_spacing=”” caption_title_transform=”” caption_title_color=”” caption_background_color=”” fusion_font_family_caption_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_text_font=”” caption_text_size=”” caption_text_line_height=”” caption_text_letter_spacing=”” caption_text_transform=”” caption_text_color=”” caption_border_color=”” caption_overlay_color=”” caption_margin_top=”” caption_margin_right=”” caption_margin_bottom=”” caption_margin_left=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″]https://wagingpeace.davidmolinaojeda.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/3.14-Banner-Honoring-David-Krieger-4.png[/fusion_imageframe][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

To get free tickets, click HERE.

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transform_translate_x_hover=”0″ transform_translate_y_hover=”0″ transform_rotate_hover=”0″ transform_skew_x_hover=”0″ transform_skew_y_hover=”0″ transform_origin=”” transition_duration=”300″ transition_easing=”ease” transition_custom_easing=”” motion_effects=”” scroll_motion_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” last=”false” border_position=”all” first=”false” spacing_right=””][fusion_imageframe image_id=”24495|full” aspect_ratio=”” custom_aspect_ratio=”100″ aspect_ratio_position=”” skip_lazy_load=”” lightbox=”no” gallery_id=”” lightbox_image=”” lightbox_image_id=”” alt=”” link=”https://twitter.com/napf” linktarget=”_self” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” max_width=”” sticky_max_width=”” align_medium=”none” align_small=”none” align=”none” mask=”” custom_mask=”” mask_size=”” mask_custom_size=”” mask_position=”” mask_custom_position=”” mask_repeat=”” style_type=”” blur=”” stylecolor=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” hover_type=”none” magnify_full_img=”” magnify_duration=”120″ scroll_height=”100″ scroll_speed=”1″ margin_top_medium=”” margin_right_medium=”” margin_bottom_medium=”” margin_left_medium=”” margin_top_small=”” margin_right_small=”” margin_bottom_small=”” margin_left_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” bordersize=”” bordercolor=”” borderradius=”” z_index=”” caption_style=”off” caption_align_medium=”none” caption_align_small=”none” caption_align=”none” caption_title=”” caption_text=”” caption_title_tag=”2″ fusion_font_family_caption_title_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_title_font=”” caption_title_size=”” caption_title_line_height=”” caption_title_letter_spacing=”” caption_title_transform=”” caption_title_color=”” caption_background_color=”” fusion_font_family_caption_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_text_font=”” caption_text_size=”” caption_text_line_height=”” caption_text_letter_spacing=”” caption_text_transform=”” caption_text_color=”” caption_border_color=”” caption_overlay_color=”” caption_margin_top=”” caption_margin_right=”” caption_margin_bottom=”” caption_margin_left=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″]https://wagingpeace.davidmolinaojeda.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/2.png[/fusion_imageframe][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

Twitter (X)

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dimension_box_shadow=”” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” z_index_hover=”” z_index=”” overflow=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_color=”” gradient_end_color=”” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color_medium=”” background_color_small=”” background_color_medium_hover=”” background_color_small_hover=”” background_color_hover=”” background_color=”” background_image_medium=”” background_image_small=”” background_image=”” background_image_id_medium=”” background_image_id_small=”” background_image_id=”” lazy_load=”none” skip_lazy_load=”” background_position_medium=”” background_position_small=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat_medium=”” background_repeat_small=”” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_size_medium=”” background_size_small=”” background_size=”” background_custom_size=”” background_custom_size_medium=”” background_custom_size_small=”” background_blend_mode_medium=”” background_blend_mode_small=”” background_blend_mode=”none” render_logics=”” sticky=”off” sticky_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_offset=”” absolute=”off” absolute_props=”” filter_type=”regular” filter_hover_element=”self” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ transform_type=”regular” transform_hover_element=”self” transform_scale_x=”1″ transform_scale_y=”1″ transform_translate_x=”0″ transform_translate_y=”0″ transform_rotate=”0″ transform_skew_x=”0″ transform_skew_y=”0″ transform_scale_x_hover=”1″ transform_scale_y_hover=”1″ transform_translate_x_hover=”0″ transform_translate_y_hover=”0″ transform_rotate_hover=”0″ transform_skew_x_hover=”0″ transform_skew_y_hover=”0″ transform_origin=”” transition_duration=”300″ transition_easing=”ease” transition_custom_easing=”” motion_effects=”” scroll_motion_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” last=”false” border_position=”all” first=”false” spacing_right=””][fusion_imageframe image_id=”24889|full” aspect_ratio=”” custom_aspect_ratio=”100″ aspect_ratio_position=”” skip_lazy_load=”” lightbox=”no” gallery_id=”” lightbox_image=”” lightbox_image_id=”” alt=”” link=”https://www.youtube.com/@NuclearAgePeace/videos” linktarget=”_self” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” max_width=”” sticky_max_width=”” align_medium=”none” align_small=”none” align=”none” mask=”” custom_mask=”” mask_size=”” mask_custom_size=”” mask_position=”” mask_custom_position=”” mask_repeat=”” style_type=”” blur=”” stylecolor=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” hover_type=”none” magnify_full_img=”” magnify_duration=”120″ scroll_height=”100″ scroll_speed=”1″ margin_top_medium=”” margin_right_medium=”” margin_bottom_medium=”” margin_left_medium=”” margin_top_small=”” margin_right_small=”” margin_bottom_small=”” margin_left_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” bordersize=”” bordercolor=”” borderradius=”” z_index=”” caption_style=”off” caption_align_medium=”none” caption_align_small=”none” caption_align=”none” caption_title=”” caption_text=”” caption_title_tag=”2″ fusion_font_family_caption_title_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_title_font=”” caption_title_size=”” caption_title_line_height=”” caption_title_letter_spacing=”” caption_title_transform=”” caption_title_color=”” caption_background_color=”” fusion_font_family_caption_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_text_font=”” caption_text_size=”” caption_text_line_height=”” caption_text_letter_spacing=”” caption_text_transform=”” caption_text_color=”” caption_border_color=”” caption_overlay_color=”” caption_margin_top=”” caption_margin_right=”” caption_margin_bottom=”” caption_margin_left=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″]https://wagingpeace.davidmolinaojeda.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/1707415172008-Untitleddesign1.png[/fusion_imageframe][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

YouTube

[/fusion_text][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_5″ layout=”1_4″ align_self=”auto” content_layout=”column” align_content=”flex-start” valign_content=”flex-start” content_wrap=”wrap” spacing=”” center_content=”no” column_tag=”div” link=”” target=”_self” link_description=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” type_medium=”” type_small=”” flex_grow_medium=”” flex_grow_small=”” flex_grow=”” flex_shrink_medium=”” flex_shrink_small=”” flex_shrink=”” order_medium=”0″ order_small=”0″ dimension_spacing_medium=”” dimension_spacing_small=”” dimension_spacing=”” dimension_margin_medium=”” dimension_margin_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_bottom=”” padding_medium=”” padding_small=”” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” hover_type=”none” border_sizes=”” border_color_hover=”” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_radius=”” box_shadow=”no” dimension_box_shadow=”” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” z_index_hover=”” z_index=”” overflow=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_color=”” gradient_end_color=”” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color_medium=”” background_color_small=”” background_color_medium_hover=”” background_color_small_hover=”” background_color_hover=”” background_color=”” background_image_medium=”” background_image_small=”” background_image=”” background_image_id_medium=”” background_image_id_small=”” background_image_id=”” lazy_load=”none” skip_lazy_load=”” background_position_medium=”” background_position_small=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat_medium=”” background_repeat_small=”” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_size_medium=”” background_size_small=”” background_size=”” background_custom_size=”” background_custom_size_medium=”” background_custom_size_small=”” background_blend_mode_medium=”” background_blend_mode_small=”” background_blend_mode=”none” render_logics=”” sticky=”off” sticky_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_offset=”” absolute=”off” absolute_props=”” filter_type=”regular” filter_hover_element=”self” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ transform_type=”regular” transform_hover_element=”self” transform_scale_x=”1″ transform_scale_y=”1″ transform_translate_x=”0″ transform_translate_y=”0″ transform_rotate=”0″ transform_skew_x=”0″ transform_skew_y=”0″ transform_scale_x_hover=”1″ transform_scale_y_hover=”1″ transform_translate_x_hover=”0″ transform_translate_y_hover=”0″ transform_rotate_hover=”0″ transform_skew_x_hover=”0″ transform_skew_y_hover=”0″ transform_origin=”” transition_duration=”300″ transition_easing=”ease” transition_custom_easing=”” motion_effects=”” scroll_motion_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” last=”false” border_position=”all” first=”false” spacing_right=””][fusion_imageframe image_id=”24496|full” aspect_ratio=”” custom_aspect_ratio=”100″ aspect_ratio_position=”” skip_lazy_load=”” lightbox=”no” gallery_id=”” lightbox_image=”” lightbox_image_id=”” alt=”” link=”https://www.facebook.com/wagingpeace/” linktarget=”_self” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” max_width=”” sticky_max_width=”” align_medium=”none” align_small=”none” align=”none” mask=”” custom_mask=”” mask_size=”” mask_custom_size=”” mask_position=”” mask_custom_position=”” mask_repeat=”” style_type=”” blur=”” stylecolor=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” hover_type=”none” magnify_full_img=”” magnify_duration=”120″ scroll_height=”100″ scroll_speed=”1″ margin_top_medium=”” margin_right_medium=”” margin_bottom_medium=”” margin_left_medium=”” margin_top_small=”” margin_right_small=”” margin_bottom_small=”” margin_left_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” bordersize=”” bordercolor=”” borderradius=”” z_index=”” caption_style=”off” caption_align_medium=”none” caption_align_small=”none” caption_align=”none” caption_title=”” caption_text=”” caption_title_tag=”2″ fusion_font_family_caption_title_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_title_font=”” caption_title_size=”” caption_title_line_height=”” caption_title_letter_spacing=”” caption_title_transform=”” caption_title_color=”” caption_background_color=”” fusion_font_family_caption_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_text_font=”” caption_text_size=”” caption_text_line_height=”” caption_text_letter_spacing=”” caption_text_transform=”” caption_text_color=”” caption_border_color=”” caption_overlay_color=”” caption_margin_top=”” caption_margin_right=”” caption_margin_bottom=”” caption_margin_left=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″]https://wagingpeace.davidmolinaojeda.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/3.png[/fusion_imageframe][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” 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Facebook

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dimension_box_shadow=”” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” z_index_hover=”” z_index=”” overflow=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_color=”” gradient_end_color=”” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color_medium=”” background_color_small=”” background_color_medium_hover=”” background_color_small_hover=”” background_color_hover=”” background_color=”” background_image_medium=”” background_image_small=”” background_image=”” background_image_id_medium=”” background_image_id_small=”” background_image_id=”” lazy_load=”none” skip_lazy_load=”” background_position_medium=”” background_position_small=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat_medium=”” background_repeat_small=”” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_size_medium=”” background_size_small=”” background_size=”” background_custom_size=”” 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transform_translate_x_hover=”0″ transform_translate_y_hover=”0″ transform_rotate_hover=”0″ transform_skew_x_hover=”0″ transform_skew_y_hover=”0″ transform_origin=”” transition_duration=”300″ transition_easing=”ease” transition_custom_easing=”” motion_effects=”” scroll_motion_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” last=”true” border_position=”all” first=”false”][fusion_imageframe image_id=”24497|full” aspect_ratio=”1-1″ custom_aspect_ratio=”100″ aspect_ratio_position=”” skip_lazy_load=”” lightbox=”no” gallery_id=”” lightbox_image=”” lightbox_image_id=”” alt=”” link=”https://www.instagram.com/napfofficial/?” linktarget=”_self” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” max_width=”” sticky_max_width=”” align_medium=”none” align_small=”none” align=”none” mask=”” custom_mask=”” mask_size=”” mask_custom_size=”” mask_position=”” mask_custom_position=”” mask_repeat=”” style_type=”” blur=”” stylecolor=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” hover_type=”none” magnify_full_img=”” magnify_duration=”120″ scroll_height=”100″ scroll_speed=”1″ margin_top_medium=”” margin_right_medium=”” margin_bottom_medium=”” margin_left_medium=”” margin_top_small=”” margin_right_small=”” margin_bottom_small=”” margin_left_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” bordersize=”” bordercolor=”” borderradius=”” z_index=”” caption_style=”off” caption_align_medium=”none” caption_align_small=”none” caption_align=”none” caption_title=”” caption_text=”” caption_title_tag=”2″ fusion_font_family_caption_title_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_title_font=”” caption_title_size=”” caption_title_line_height=”” caption_title_letter_spacing=”” caption_title_transform=”” caption_title_color=”” caption_background_color=”” fusion_font_family_caption_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_text_font=”” caption_text_size=”” caption_text_line_height=”” caption_text_letter_spacing=”” caption_text_transform=”” caption_text_color=”” caption_border_color=”” caption_overlay_color=”” caption_margin_top=”” caption_margin_right=”” caption_margin_bottom=”” caption_margin_left=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″]https://wagingpeace.davidmolinaojeda.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/4.png[/fusion_imageframe][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

Instagram

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February 27, 2024
Nuclear deterrence is the existential threat. Not the nuclear ban treaty.

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Over the past week, our President Dr. Ivana Nikolić Hughes rallied the nuclear disarmament community to respond swiftly and forcefully to a recent article in the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, written by Zachary Kallenborn, who alleged that the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) is an existential threat to humanity. Dr. Hughes worked with several colleagues to draft the response (Xanthe Hall of IPPNW Germany and ICAN Germany, Ira Helfand of IPPNW and Back from the Brink, Kati Juva of IPPNW and ICAN Finland, Mays Smithwich of NYCAN, and Frank Boulton of Medact). Their article was published by the Bulletin on January 22, which marked the third anniversary of the entry into force of the TPNW, and in addition to the drafters, was endorsed by over 100 individuals and organizations. The article can be found HERE or you can also read it below.

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AS PUBLISHED IN THE BULLETIN OF THE ATOMIC SCIENTISTS ON JANUARY 22, 2023

In a deeply misguided article in this publication, Zachary Kallenborn contends that the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) is a threat to humanity. To build this narrative, Kallenborn does not simply present nuclear deterrence as a stable and useful framework for avoiding conventional wars. Rather, he goes beyond the common deterrence arguments to assert that nuclear weapons restrain world wars, which allows nations to work together on addressing existential threats. Nothing could be further from the truth.

Nuclear deterrence is a myth. Nuclear deterrence involves a nation state maintaining a believable threat of retaliation to deter an adversary’s attack. This relies on demonstrations of the readiness and the capacity to use nuclear weapons—a highly dangerous form of bluff which, in turn, makes those targeted increase their hardware and rhetoric. We are currently witnessing this kind of escalation among several nuclear weapon possessor states, which could result in nuclear war.

Nuclear deterrence rests on decision makers always behaving rationally; even if different states and parties weigh values, threats, and possible consequences in the same way, individual leaders do not always behave rationally. During the closing weeks of his presidency, Richard Nixon’s behavior was so erratic that James Schlesinger, the Secretary of Defense, instructed the Joint Chiefs of Staff to ignore any order to use nuclear weapons unless it was countersigned by himself and Secretary of State Henry Kissinger. Schlesinger had no authority to do this, and it is not clear the instructions would have been carried out if Nixon had ordered the use of nuclear weapons. After his electoral defeat in 2020, Donald Trump’s behavior was so bizarre that it triggered similar concerns in General Milley, the chair of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. But troubling behavior is not solely the province of US leaders. Boris Yeltsin, for example, had an alcohol problem, and the recent nuclear rhetoric from Russian leaders has been worrisome at best.

All leaders are capable of making bad decisions, and the stress of a military crisis, during which decisions might have to be made with limited or faulty intelligence and in a very compressed time frame, increases the chance that a leader would abandon the rational position that nuclear weapons should never be used and make a mistake that would be fatal for humanity.

The overarching assumption of nuclear deterrence is that the existence of nuclear weapons can continue indefinitely without anything ever going wrong, leading to the theory’s most concerning aspect: lack of plan B. In the words of Melissa Parke, the executive director of the International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN), “Nuclear deterrence may well work until the day it doesn’t.” What happens when nuclear deterrence fails? The problem is that it is impossible to create a plan for that day. The International Committee for the Red Cross (ICRC) has been warning since 1945 that there can be no adequate humanitarian response even to a single nuclear weapon explosion, let alone to the hundreds or thousands that could be used in today’s conflicts. Contrary to the unrealistic logic of deterrence, many medical organizations and other civil society groups, including those that we are a part of, have been arguing, often for decades, that prevention is the only viable option.

The argument that nuclear deterrence has kept the world safe is simply wrong. Numerous close calls and near misses strongly suggest otherwise. From scholarly analyses to a simple list of such known incidents in the United States alone, the message is clear—we have been lucky, rather than smart. As UN Secretary General António Guterres stated at the 10^th Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty Review Conference in 2022, “Luck is not a strategy.”

Close calls and near misses haven’t led to nuclear war yet. But nuclear weapons have been the cause of human suffering for decades. In addition to the horrors of what happened in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, nuclear weapons have already harmed millions of people in the process of being developed and tested. Devastatingly, governments of nuclear weapon possessors have harmed their own people, such as the people of Kazakhstan and the United States, and those whose care they’ve been entrusted with, such as the Indigenous people of Australia, the Marshall Islands, Kiribati, and Maohi Nui (French Polynesia). These humanitarian consequences have provided the impetus for action that is embedded in Articles 6 and 7 of the TPNW and a recently adopted resolution on nuclear justice in the UN General Assembly. Just in 2022, the global expenditure on nuclear weapons was $83 billion, an amount that could have been better spent on social programs and other needs. We are all harmed when societal needs are ignored in favor of weapons of mass destruction.

What the world needs to address other existential threats. Kallenborn is right that the world faces other global threats. And although some of them—just like nuclear weapons—have the potential to wipe out humanity, including a large asteroid impact or an emerging infectious disease, what is thoroughly different about nuclear weapons is that we have created them, and we can therefore eliminate them.

The majority of states in the world have access to the knowledge and very many have access to the means to build nuclear weapons, but they don’t. These states refrain from doing so because they see no value in having nuclear weapons. On the contrary, they recognize the threat that possessing nuclear weapons poses. Moreover, a verifiable process for ensuring that existing nuclear weapons have been eliminated and that new ones are not developed would have to be put in place as part of any nuclear abolition plan, including through the TPNW, with a competent international authority put in charge of this key process. Significant work on verification is ongoing through the International Monitoring System of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organization (IMS of CTBTO), the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), and the TPNW’s own Scientific Advisory Group (SAG), which was formed last year.

The elimination of all nuclear weapons and a concurrent international system of verification and monitoring would result in a far better scenario than where we find ourselves today. Even a hypothetical situation in which a nation cheats to make a few weapons following their total elimination would be far less dangerous than where we are today with a current global arsenal of approximately 12,500 warheads, which could destroy the world over and over again.

Climate change is—like nuclear war—an existential threat of great urgency, as its effects are devastating and could make entire regions of the planet uninhabitable. Added to this, climate change is already exacerbating conflicts due to the increase in food scarcity and natural disasters that displace populations and paralyze economies. These impacts will get worse with time. Combined with nuclear weapons, this regional and global instability arguably poses the greatest threat to humanity, as the Bulletin has repeatedly made clear with time adjustments to its Doomsday Clock. At the time of the writing of this article, the clock stands at just 90 seconds to midnight.

Nuclear winter refers to the fact that even limited regional nuclear war, such as between India and Pakistan, will trigger global climate disruption and catastrophic famine. Kallenborn alludes to this potential threat but tries to minimize the importance of nuclear winter studies by stating that there is a significant difference of opinion about this danger in the scientific community. He goes even further to warn us that such studies are motivated by “political biases and agendas.” Indeed, the one recent study from the Los Alamos Laboratory that minimizes the extent of climate change due to nuclear war may well be motivated by an agenda other than science; this study has been thoroughly rebutted. Incredibly, Kallenborn proposes that the response to the threat of global nuclear famine should be stockpiling enough food to feed billions of people for several years and cites the utterly inappropriate example of the 1948 Berlin airlift as the kind of effort needed.

Global cooperation, not threats of annihilation, must be the basis for addressing all existential threats. We live on a beautiful planet with a host of human-made and natural challenges that require us to move away from us vs. them attitudes and instead collectively cooperate to achieve global security for all humans in our common home. To this end, we must not normalize violent conflict on battlefields and threats to destroy one another. Instead, competition between states should be reserved for athletic fields and courts, business and commerce, and pursuit of scientific and artistic achievements.

The truth about the nuclear ban treaty. Arguably, the biggest falsehoods that Kallenborn promulgates revolve around the TPNW itself. For one, the treaty is not a quick fix that will lead to a sudden abolition of nuclear weapons in a vacuum. Rather, the treaty is an instrument that establishes a legal norm, which will lead to a process resulting in the elimination of nuclear weapons. The path that needs to be taken to reach this goal will, in itself, address the problem of great powers’ conflict and regional conflicts, as well as safe disarmament.

It is commonly claimed that nuclear deterrence has prevented a nuclear war from occurring. But we came to the brink of nuclear war several times during the Cold War, including during the Cuban Missile Crisis, and this claim about deterrence completely ignores the role of international agreements in de-escalating tensions and preventing a nuclear conflict. The process of creating instruments of arms control and disarmament establishes structures for regaining trust and verification. In this regard, the last decade has seen an erosion of the disarmament architecture, with the exception of the TPNW. As it stands, we may soon have no more brakes on the arms race.

As Kallenborn himself states, “the best way to reduce the risks of nuclear war is to ensure it never happens in the first place.” That precisely is the intention and the motivation of all of the 122 states that negotiated the TPNW in 2017 and an even larger number of states that have been voting in support of the treaty at the UN General Assembly every year since. The nine nuclear weapon possessors and their allies are the ones that need to prove that there is a convincing reason, or indeed any right, to hold the rest of the world hostage to their nuclear weapons. Kallenborn asserts that if nuclear weapons are eliminated, the great powers will launch World War III. In fact, the process of eliminating these weapons will create the conditions needed for a more cooperative relationship among the great powers, by removing the most dangerous issue that divides them.

The truth about the nuclear ban is spelled out in the text of the treaty itself, but also in the recently adopted Declaration that was the result of the Second Meeting of States Parties to the TPNW, held in New York late last year. The Declaration highlights the raison d’être for the ban, as well as the way forward.

Abolition is the only reasonable path. Nuclear weapons and current nuclear weapon policies are, in the words of the late peace and nuclear disarmament activist Daniel Ellsberg, “dizzyingly insane and immoral.” Aiming solely for reducing the harm or the possibility of harm that nuclear weapons could cause, rather than being a part of a process to abolish them, is simply not enough. Imagine if the opponents of slavery had aimed not to abolish slavery, but to make life a bit better for the enslaved people? Ultimately, the question of nuclear abolition is not just a moral one, but an existential one. If we don’t abolish nuclear weapons, they will abolish us. John F. Kennedy stated this at the United Nations more than 60 years ago. Let’s heed his words sooner rather than later and, critically, before it is too late.

Acknowledgements

The following individuals contributed significantly to the writing of this article:

Kati Juva, Physicians for Social Responsibility (PSR) Finland, IPPNW

Frank Boulton, Medact (IPPNW UK)

The following individuals endorse the views expressed in this article:

Michael Orgel, Medact Scotland & Medact UK Nuclear Weapons Group, Edinburgh

Timmon Wallis, NuclearBan.US

Hasse Schneidermann, Forbyd Atomvåben – ICAN in Denmark

Christian Ciobanu, NAPF and Reverse the Trend (RTT)

Alice Slater, World BEYOND War

Becker Raymond, Cercle Vivi Hommel, Luxembourg

Michele Di Paolantonio, AIMPGN Italian Medical Association for the Prevention of Nuclear War (IPPNW Italy)

Lisa Clark, Italian Peace and Disarmament Network

Kathleen Sullivan, Hiroshima Stories and NYCAN

Emily Welty, Pace University

Anastasia Shakhidzhanova, NAPF and Columbia University

Matthew Breay Bolton, Pace University

Spencer Graves, EffectiveDefense.org and PeaceWorks Kansas City

Gari Donn, UN House Scotland

Bill Kidd MSP, Scottish Parliament

Carol Gilbert, Grand Rapids Dominican Sister

Barbara Rose Johnston, Center for Political Ecology

Gerry Condon, Veterans For Peace, Golden Rule

John LaForge, Nukewatch

John Reuwer, PSR, World BEYOND War

Alan Robock, Rutgers University

Patrick Hiller, War Prevention Initiative

Donald A. Smith, PhD

David Hartsough, World Beyond War

Melissa Parke, ICAN

Steve Leeper, Peace Culture Village, Hiroshima

Carol Wolman, Voices for a Nuclear Free Future

David Swanson, World BEYOND War

Nicolas J. S. Davies, CODEPINK

Bobby Vaughn Jr, Investigative Journalist

Barbara Newsom, United Religions Initiative, Voices for a World Free of Nuclear Weapons

Jill Haberman, Peace & Justice Coordinator for Sisters of St. Francis of Assis, WI

Rosemary Field, Medact, UK

Jay Coghlan, Nuclear Watch New Mexico

Glenn Carroll, Nuclear Watch South

Ruth Mitchell, IPPNW

Susan Mirsky, MA Peace Action

Paul Andrews, Voices for a World Free of Nuclear Weapons

Tom Sauer, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium

Oda Andersen Nyborg, The Norwegian Peace Council

Diane Fine, MA 350

Lisa Fredrikson, Veterans For Peace

Veterans for Peace

Cynthia Lazaroff, Women Transforming Our Nuclear Legacy and NuclearWakeUpCall.Earth

Frank Bognar, NAPF

Kim Joy Bergier, Michigan Stop the Nuclear Bombs Campaign

Andrew S. Kanter, PSR and Columbia University

Linda Pentz Gunter, Beyond Nuclear

John Raby, Peace Action Maine

Michael Ramos, Voices for a World Free of Nuclear Weapons

Lynne Hall, Massachusetts Peace Action

Joni Arends, Concerned Citizens for Nuclear Safety, New Mexico

Ludo De Brabander, Vrede vzw (Belgian peace movement)

Carol E Green, Peace with Justice Committee, the Holston Conference of the United Methodist Church

Haruko Moritaki, Hiroshima Allians for Nuclear Weapons Abollition

WE Rotary Club of International Peace, TRUST Climate Action Strategists

Lynn Jamieson, Scottish Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament

Martin Fleck, PSR

Philip Webber, Scientists for Global Responsibility (UK)

Tom Vilmer Paamand, Aldrig Mere Krig – WRI Denmark

Hsin Yen Phoebe Mok, beHuman

Janet Fenton, Secure Scotland

Cletus Stein, Alliance for Nuclear Accountability

Sunny Robinson, public health nurse, retired.

Jack Cohen-Joppa, the Nuclear Resister

Felice Cohen-Joppa, the Nuclear Resister

Cherrill Spencer, DISARM/End Wars Committee of the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom, US Section

Gar Smith, Environmentalists Against War

Kathleen Hamill, Mass Peace Action and NuclearBan.US

Helen Caldicott, PSR

Tomohiko Aishima, Soka Gakkai International (SGI)

Anna Ikeda, SGI and Voices for a World Free of Nuclear Weapons

John Hallam, People for Nuclear Disarmament

Tove Jensen, Demos, The Initiative for Peace

Angel Ballesteros, Justice and Peace Spain and University of Burgos

Claus Montonen, Technology for Life Finland, International Network of Engineers and Scientists for Global Responsibility

Hunter Peace Group NSW Australia

Martha Inés Romero, Pax Christi International

Fco. Javier Alonso, Comisión General Justicia y Paz de España

Maribel Hernández, Alianza por el Desarme Nuclear

Juliane Hauschulz, ICAN Germany and IPPNW Germany

Anthony Donovan, Veterans For Peace, Catholic Worker, War Resister League, Peace Action NY, Pax Christi NY, ICANW

Per Kristensen

Marian Losse, ICAN Deutschland

Mary T. Yelenick, Pax Christi International

Ranjith Jayasekera, Sri-Lanka Doctors for Peace and Development

Kenneth Chiu, NAPF

Elizabeth Waterston, Medact (IPPNW UK)

Ghassan Shahrour

Richard Krushnic, Massachusetts Peace Action, Mass Public Banking, Cambridge Residents Alliance, Boston Workers Circle

Seth Shelden, ICAN

Robert Kinsey, The Colorado Coalition for Prevention of Nuclear War

Linda Cataldo Modica, Catholic Committee of Appalachia TN Chapter

Linda Chapman, NYCAN & Youth Arts New York

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January 24, 2024
President’s Letter – A Year of Loss

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December 21, 2023

Dear NAPF Community,

For NAPF and for so many around the world, 2023 has been a year of loss. Just two weeks ago, we lost our co-founder and President Emeritus, Dr. David Krieger, whose light shone brightly and whose inspiring legacy continues to drive the mission and work of the Foundation. As we mourn David’s passing, we also look to celebrating his life by continuing to spread his message of the imperative of peace in the nuclear age and the necessity of nuclear abolition.

Other dear friends of NAPF have also left us this year, including Ben Ferencz, Daisaku Ikeda, Daniel Ellsberg, and Harry Belafonte. We turn to their work and their words in these challenging times for our world to seek inspiration and strength. As we also mourn the loss of lives, most especially children, from Ukraine to Syria, Israel, and Gaza, through the Sahel and beyond, we search for common ground with our fellow human beings.

One glimmer of hope in these trying times has been the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW). The Second Meeting of States Parties to the TPNW took place just a few weeks ago at the United Nations in New York and NAPF was an active participant. Please see below for our statements, events, and more at this important meeting. In 2024, NAPF will continue to focus on promoting and furthering the implementation of this historic treaty and on our nuclear justice work, especially through the UN Resolution, put forward by the Republics of Kazakhstan and Kiribati and adopted this fall. In between, we will write, give interviews, empower and educate young people through internships and our youth initiative Reverse the Trend, and hold events virtually and around the globe, including an event on March 14 in Santa Barbara, to celebrate David Krieger’s legacy. Save the date!

If you have supported our work this year, thank you! We couldn’t have done it without you! And if you haven’t, please consider making even a small donation to support our efforts. One small donation may not make a big difference, but many of them would!

I hope that being with loved ones will bring you peace and joy this holiday season and send all my best wishes for a healthful and more peaceful 2024.

Most warmly,

Ivana

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Events and Updates

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Article in The Bulletin of Atomic Scientists —————————————————

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NAPF Statement at the Second Meeting of States Parties to the TPNW at the United Nations

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Recap of all NAPF activities at the Second Meeting of States Parties to the TPNW

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In Memory of Dr. David Krieger

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Obituary

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Obituary in Spanish

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caption_text_letter_spacing=”” caption_text_transform=”” caption_text_color=”” caption_border_color=”” caption_overlay_color=”” caption_margin_top=”” caption_margin_right=”” caption_margin_bottom=”” caption_margin_left=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″]https://wagingpeace.davidmolinaojeda.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/david_krieger-e1702062463799-1200×628.jpg[/fusion_imageframe][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_2″ layout=”1_2″ align_self=”auto” content_layout=”column” align_content=”flex-start” 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Article by Prof. Richard Falk

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Article in TMS

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2023 President’s Letters

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February 2023

April 2023

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June 2023

August 2023

[/fusion_text][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_3″ layout=”1_3″ align_self=”auto” content_layout=”column” align_content=”flex-start” valign_content=”flex-start” content_wrap=”wrap” spacing=”” center_content=”no” column_tag=”div” link=”” target=”_self” link_description=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” type_medium=”” type_small=”” flex_grow_medium=”” flex_grow_small=”” flex_grow=”” flex_shrink_medium=”” flex_shrink_small=”” flex_shrink=”” order_medium=”0″ order_small=”0″ dimension_spacing_medium=”” dimension_spacing_small=”” dimension_spacing=”” dimension_margin_medium=”” dimension_margin_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_bottom=”” padding_medium=”” padding_small=”” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” hover_type=”none” border_sizes=”” border_color_hover=”” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_radius=”” box_shadow=”no” dimension_box_shadow=”” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” z_index_hover=”” z_index=”” overflow=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_color=”” gradient_end_color=”” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color_medium=”” background_color_small=”” background_color_medium_hover=”” background_color_small_hover=”” background_color_hover=”” background_color=”” background_image_medium=”” background_image_small=”” background_image=”” background_image_id_medium=”” background_image_id_small=”” background_image_id=”” lazy_load=”none” skip_lazy_load=”” background_position_medium=”” background_position_small=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat_medium=”” background_repeat_small=”” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_size_medium=”” background_size_small=”” background_size=”” background_custom_size=”” background_custom_size_medium=”” background_custom_size_small=”” background_blend_mode_medium=”” background_blend_mode_small=”” background_blend_mode=”none” render_logics=”” sticky=”off” sticky_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_offset=”” absolute=”off” absolute_props=”” filter_type=”regular” filter_hover_element=”self” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ transform_type=”regular” transform_hover_element=”self” transform_scale_x=”1″ transform_scale_y=”1″ transform_translate_x=”0″ transform_translate_y=”0″ transform_rotate=”0″ transform_skew_x=”0″ transform_skew_y=”0″ transform_scale_x_hover=”1″ transform_scale_y_hover=”1″ transform_translate_x_hover=”0″ transform_translate_y_hover=”0″ transform_rotate_hover=”0″ transform_skew_x_hover=”0″ transform_skew_y_hover=”0″ transform_origin=”” transition_duration=”300″ transition_easing=”ease” transition_custom_easing=”” motion_effects=”” scroll_motion_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” last=”true” border_position=”all” first=”false”][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

October 2023

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transform_translate_x_hover=”0″ transform_translate_y_hover=”0″ transform_rotate_hover=”0″ transform_skew_x_hover=”0″ transform_skew_y_hover=”0″ transform_origin=”” transition_duration=”300″ transition_easing=”ease” transition_custom_easing=”” motion_effects=”” scroll_motion_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” last=”false” border_position=”all” first=”true” spacing_right=””][fusion_imageframe image_id=”24494|full” aspect_ratio=”” custom_aspect_ratio=”100″ aspect_ratio_position=”” skip_lazy_load=”” lightbox=”no” gallery_id=”” lightbox_image=”” lightbox_image_id=”” alt=”” link=”https://wagingpeace.davidmolinaojeda.com” linktarget=”_self” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” max_width=”” sticky_max_width=”” align_medium=”none” align_small=”none” align=”none” mask=”” custom_mask=”” mask_size=”” mask_custom_size=”” mask_position=”” mask_custom_position=”” mask_repeat=”” style_type=”” blur=”” stylecolor=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” hover_type=”none” magnify_full_img=”” magnify_duration=”120″ scroll_height=”100″ scroll_speed=”1″ margin_top_medium=”” margin_right_medium=”” margin_bottom_medium=”” margin_left_medium=”” margin_top_small=”” margin_right_small=”” margin_bottom_small=”” margin_left_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” bordersize=”” bordercolor=”” borderradius=”” z_index=”” caption_style=”off” caption_align_medium=”none” caption_align_small=”none” caption_align=”none” caption_title=”” caption_text=”” caption_title_tag=”2″ fusion_font_family_caption_title_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_title_font=”” caption_title_size=”” caption_title_line_height=”” caption_title_letter_spacing=”” caption_title_transform=”” caption_title_color=”” caption_background_color=”” fusion_font_family_caption_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_text_font=”” caption_text_size=”” caption_text_line_height=”” caption_text_letter_spacing=”” caption_text_transform=”” caption_text_color=”” caption_border_color=”” caption_overlay_color=”” caption_margin_top=”” caption_margin_right=”” caption_margin_bottom=”” caption_margin_left=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″]https://wagingpeace.davidmolinaojeda.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/1.png[/fusion_imageframe][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” 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Our Website

[/fusion_text][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_4″ layout=”1_4″ align_self=”auto” content_layout=”column” align_content=”flex-start” valign_content=”flex-start” content_wrap=”wrap” spacing=”” center_content=”no” column_tag=”div” link=”” target=”_self” link_description=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” type_medium=”” type_small=”” flex_grow_medium=”” flex_grow_small=”” flex_grow=”” flex_shrink_medium=”” flex_shrink_small=”” flex_shrink=”” order_medium=”0″ order_small=”0″ dimension_spacing_medium=”” dimension_spacing_small=”” dimension_spacing=”” dimension_margin_medium=”” dimension_margin_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_bottom=”” padding_medium=”” padding_small=”” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” hover_type=”none” border_sizes=”” border_color_hover=”” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_radius=”” box_shadow=”no” 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transform_translate_x_hover=”0″ transform_translate_y_hover=”0″ transform_rotate_hover=”0″ transform_skew_x_hover=”0″ transform_skew_y_hover=”0″ transform_origin=”” transition_duration=”300″ transition_easing=”ease” transition_custom_easing=”” motion_effects=”” scroll_motion_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” last=”false” border_position=”all” first=”false” spacing_right=””][fusion_imageframe image_id=”24495|full” aspect_ratio=”” custom_aspect_ratio=”100″ aspect_ratio_position=”” skip_lazy_load=”” lightbox=”no” gallery_id=”” lightbox_image=”” lightbox_image_id=”” alt=”” link=”https://twitter.com/napf” linktarget=”_self” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” max_width=”” sticky_max_width=”” align_medium=”none” align_small=”none” align=”none” mask=”” custom_mask=”” mask_size=”” mask_custom_size=”” mask_position=”” mask_custom_position=”” mask_repeat=”” style_type=”” blur=”” stylecolor=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” hover_type=”none” magnify_full_img=”” magnify_duration=”120″ scroll_height=”100″ scroll_speed=”1″ margin_top_medium=”” margin_right_medium=”” margin_bottom_medium=”” margin_left_medium=”” margin_top_small=”” margin_right_small=”” margin_bottom_small=”” margin_left_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” bordersize=”” bordercolor=”” borderradius=”” z_index=”” caption_style=”off” caption_align_medium=”none” caption_align_small=”none” caption_align=”none” caption_title=”” caption_text=”” caption_title_tag=”2″ fusion_font_family_caption_title_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_title_font=”” caption_title_size=”” caption_title_line_height=”” caption_title_letter_spacing=”” caption_title_transform=”” caption_title_color=”” caption_background_color=”” fusion_font_family_caption_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_text_font=”” caption_text_size=”” caption_text_line_height=”” caption_text_letter_spacing=”” caption_text_transform=”” caption_text_color=”” caption_border_color=”” caption_overlay_color=”” caption_margin_top=”” caption_margin_right=”” caption_margin_bottom=”” caption_margin_left=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″]https://wagingpeace.davidmolinaojeda.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/2.png[/fusion_imageframe][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

Twitter (X)

[/fusion_text][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_4″ layout=”1_4″ align_self=”auto” content_layout=”column” align_content=”flex-start” valign_content=”flex-start” content_wrap=”wrap” spacing=”” center_content=”no” column_tag=”div” link=”” target=”_self” link_description=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” type_medium=”” type_small=”” flex_grow_medium=”” flex_grow_small=”” flex_grow=”” flex_shrink_medium=”” flex_shrink_small=”” flex_shrink=”” order_medium=”0″ order_small=”0″ dimension_spacing_medium=”” dimension_spacing_small=”” dimension_spacing=”” dimension_margin_medium=”” dimension_margin_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_bottom=”” padding_medium=”” padding_small=”” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” hover_type=”none” border_sizes=”” border_color_hover=”” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_radius=”” box_shadow=”no” dimension_box_shadow=”” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” z_index_hover=”” z_index=”” overflow=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_color=”” gradient_end_color=”” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color_medium=”” background_color_small=”” background_color_medium_hover=”” background_color_small_hover=”” background_color_hover=”” background_color=”” background_image_medium=”” background_image_small=”” background_image=”” background_image_id_medium=”” background_image_id_small=”” background_image_id=”” lazy_load=”none” skip_lazy_load=”” background_position_medium=”” background_position_small=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat_medium=”” background_repeat_small=”” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_size_medium=”” background_size_small=”” background_size=”” background_custom_size=”” 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transform_translate_x_hover=”0″ transform_translate_y_hover=”0″ transform_rotate_hover=”0″ transform_skew_x_hover=”0″ transform_skew_y_hover=”0″ transform_origin=”” transition_duration=”300″ transition_easing=”ease” transition_custom_easing=”” motion_effects=”” scroll_motion_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” last=”false” border_position=”all” first=”false” spacing_right=””][fusion_imageframe image_id=”24496|full” aspect_ratio=”” custom_aspect_ratio=”100″ aspect_ratio_position=”” skip_lazy_load=”” lightbox=”no” gallery_id=”” lightbox_image=”” lightbox_image_id=”” alt=”” link=”https://www.facebook.com/wagingpeace/” linktarget=”_self” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” max_width=”” sticky_max_width=”” align_medium=”none” align_small=”none” align=”none” mask=”” custom_mask=”” mask_size=”” mask_custom_size=”” mask_position=”” mask_custom_position=”” mask_repeat=”” style_type=”” blur=”” stylecolor=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” hover_type=”none” magnify_full_img=”” magnify_duration=”120″ scroll_height=”100″ scroll_speed=”1″ margin_top_medium=”” margin_right_medium=”” margin_bottom_medium=”” margin_left_medium=”” margin_top_small=”” margin_right_small=”” margin_bottom_small=”” margin_left_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” bordersize=”” bordercolor=”” borderradius=”” z_index=”” caption_style=”off” caption_align_medium=”none” caption_align_small=”none” caption_align=”none” caption_title=”” caption_text=”” caption_title_tag=”2″ fusion_font_family_caption_title_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_title_font=”” caption_title_size=”” caption_title_line_height=”” caption_title_letter_spacing=”” caption_title_transform=”” caption_title_color=”” caption_background_color=”” fusion_font_family_caption_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_text_font=”” caption_text_size=”” caption_text_line_height=”” caption_text_letter_spacing=”” caption_text_transform=”” caption_text_color=”” caption_border_color=”” caption_overlay_color=”” caption_margin_top=”” caption_margin_right=”” caption_margin_bottom=”” caption_margin_left=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″]https://wagingpeace.davidmolinaojeda.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/3.png[/fusion_imageframe][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” 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Facebook

[/fusion_text][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_4″ layout=”1_4″ align_self=”auto” content_layout=”column” align_content=”flex-start” valign_content=”flex-start” content_wrap=”wrap” spacing=”” center_content=”no” column_tag=”div” link=”” target=”_self” link_description=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” type_medium=”” type_small=”” flex_grow_medium=”” flex_grow_small=”” flex_grow=”” flex_shrink_medium=”” flex_shrink_small=”” flex_shrink=”” order_medium=”0″ order_small=”0″ dimension_spacing_medium=”” dimension_spacing_small=”” dimension_spacing=”” dimension_margin_medium=”” dimension_margin_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_bottom=”” padding_medium=”” padding_small=”” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” hover_type=”none” border_sizes=”” border_color_hover=”” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_radius=”” box_shadow=”no” 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transform_translate_x_hover=”0″ transform_translate_y_hover=”0″ transform_rotate_hover=”0″ transform_skew_x_hover=”0″ transform_skew_y_hover=”0″ transform_origin=”” transition_duration=”300″ transition_easing=”ease” transition_custom_easing=”” motion_effects=”” scroll_motion_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” last=”true” border_position=”all” first=”false”][fusion_imageframe image_id=”24497|full” aspect_ratio=”1-1″ custom_aspect_ratio=”100″ aspect_ratio_position=”” skip_lazy_load=”” lightbox=”no” gallery_id=”” lightbox_image=”” lightbox_image_id=”” alt=”” link=”https://www.instagram.com/napfofficial/?” linktarget=”_self” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” max_width=”” sticky_max_width=”” align_medium=”none” align_small=”none” align=”none” mask=”” custom_mask=”” mask_size=”” mask_custom_size=”” mask_position=”” mask_custom_position=”” mask_repeat=”” style_type=”” blur=”” stylecolor=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” hover_type=”none” magnify_full_img=”” magnify_duration=”120″ scroll_height=”100″ scroll_speed=”1″ margin_top_medium=”” margin_right_medium=”” margin_bottom_medium=”” margin_left_medium=”” margin_top_small=”” margin_right_small=”” margin_bottom_small=”” margin_left_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” bordersize=”” bordercolor=”” borderradius=”” z_index=”” caption_style=”off” caption_align_medium=”none” caption_align_small=”none” caption_align=”none” caption_title=”” caption_text=”” caption_title_tag=”2″ fusion_font_family_caption_title_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_title_font=”” caption_title_size=”” caption_title_line_height=”” caption_title_letter_spacing=”” caption_title_transform=”” caption_title_color=”” caption_background_color=”” fusion_font_family_caption_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_text_font=”” caption_text_size=”” caption_text_line_height=”” caption_text_letter_spacing=”” caption_text_transform=”” caption_text_color=”” caption_border_color=”” caption_overlay_color=”” caption_margin_top=”” caption_margin_right=”” caption_margin_bottom=”” caption_margin_left=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″]https://wagingpeace.davidmolinaojeda.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/4.png[/fusion_imageframe][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” 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Instagram

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December 21, 2023
Second Meeting of States Parties to the TPNW adopts a powerful declaration

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The Second Meeting of States Parties to the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) concluded at the United Nations Headquarters (UNHQ) in New York on Friday, December 1. Over the course of one week, states parties to the treaty, as well as observing states, a vibrant and engaged civil society – including members of affected communities and scores of youth advocates – all participated in the superb plenary sessions, 65 events, and countless formal and informal discussions. To learn about Nuclear Age Peace Foundation (NAPF) events, see HERE. To read and watch our statement in the plenary session on humanitarian consequences of nuclear weapons, see HERE.

The meeting represents an exciting milestone in a quest for a world free of nuclear weapons. Under the able leadership of President Juan Ramón de la Fuente Ramirez of Mexico, the meeting produced a declaration entitled, Our Commitment to Upholding the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons and Averting Their Catastrophic Consequences. The declaration brilliantly outlines the many reasons why elimination of nuclear weapons is an existential imperative for humanity, the progress made thus far, and the steps remaining on this critical path. You can read the declaration HERE and below.

At this meeting, the Permanent Representative of the Republic of Kazakhstan to the United Nations, Akan Rakhmatullin, was elected as President of the Third Meeting of States Parties to the TPNW (3MSP), which will take place at the UNHQ in New York, March 3-7, 2025. Also at this meeting, the Republic of Kiribati and the Republic of Kazakhstan were elected to serve as the Co-Coordinators of the Informal Working Group on Articles 6 and 7 (on victim assistance and environmental remediation). NAPF is proud to work closely with both Kiribati and Kazakhstan and to support this critical work during the upcoming intersessional period.

[pdf id=’23907′]

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December 2, 2023